In 2008 Mark and I proposed the idea about the relocation of beta-catenin nuclearization and the endomesoderm induction (doi.org/10.1016/j.de...). Now data by @genikhovich.bsky.social et al shows, that beta catenin does not induce endomesoderm in cnidarians. Progress! www.nature.com/articles/s41...

together the plot is simple: first male gonopore, then connect it with the endoderm to form a cloaca-like structure. This likely disconnected and reconnected multiple times in animal evolution. 🙂

finally, also the nemertodermatid Meara stichopi has the hindgut genes expressed in the male gonopore and that Wnt is involved in xenacoelomorphs for contributing the positioning of the organ systems along the a-p axis...

We examined also three acoel species for hindgut gene expression. Several markers, e.g. cdx, are expressed in the male gonopore. Most important, in the anterior gonopore of Hofstenia miamia, the hindgut markers are also expressed...

First, we detected a male gonopore in Xenoturbella bocki... why no one has ever described it remains unclear.

The #ZooCELL practical course for the Doctoral Candidates begins! #MSC

The only MAGA one can accept:

No votes for Nazis! #noafd #dankeantifa