Stephane Hallegatte
@hallegatte.bsky.social
Chief Climate Economist - the World Bank - toward Resilient Net Zero Development - personal opinions
And if you attend COP30, see here the events we organize, including the CCDR Summary launch tomorrow
November 9, 2025 at 10:26 PM
And if you attend COP30, see here the events we organize, including the CCDR Summary launch tomorrow
However, while the aggregate effect is expected to be small, countries need to prepare for significant sectoral and regional shifts. The report highlights measures to reduce five frictions that prevent workers to adjust to a rapidly changing labor market: skills, space, time, norms, and wages.
November 9, 2025 at 2:11 AM
However, while the aggregate effect is expected to be small, countries need to prepare for significant sectoral and regional shifts. The report highlights measures to reduce five frictions that prevent workers to adjust to a rapidly changing labor market: skills, space, time, norms, and wages.
At the same time, the shift to low-emission development pathways, with emissions reduced by 71 percent by 2050, would have a small and most of the time positive impacts on GDP and labor income.
November 9, 2025 at 2:11 AM
At the same time, the shift to low-emission development pathways, with emissions reduced by 71 percent by 2050, would have a small and most of the time positive impacts on GDP and labor income.
Key highlights include that climate adaptation could yield labor income benefits equivalent to 150 million jobs by 2050, a combination of new jobs created by investments in infrastructure or nature-based solution and jobs that are protected from negative shocks and impacts.
November 9, 2025 at 2:11 AM
Key highlights include that climate adaptation could yield labor income benefits equivalent to 150 million jobs by 2050, a combination of new jobs created by investments in infrastructure or nature-based solution and jobs that are protected from negative shocks and impacts.
The 4th “Country Climate and Development Report” summary is out, covering 93 economies, with a focus on jobs.
This report is unique in that it is
based on dozens of individual-country reports, each prepared (and reviewed) individually.
This report is unique in that it is
based on dozens of individual-country reports, each prepared (and reviewed) individually.
November 9, 2025 at 2:11 AM
The 4th “Country Climate and Development Report” summary is out, covering 93 economies, with a focus on jobs.
This report is unique in that it is
based on dozens of individual-country reports, each prepared (and reviewed) individually.
This report is unique in that it is
based on dozens of individual-country reports, each prepared (and reviewed) individually.
How do we estimate climate change macroeconomic risks in The World Bank's Country Climate and Development Reports? We just published a methodological paper that presents a methodology used in many of them, with our partners at Industrial Economics (IEc). documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/0...
May 29, 2025 at 11:56 PM
How do we estimate climate change macroeconomic risks in The World Bank's Country Climate and Development Reports? We just published a methodological paper that presents a methodology used in many of them, with our partners at Industrial Economics (IEc). documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/0...
Also happy to finally see the paper on the macroeconomic and monetary impacts of big disasters published in Economic Modeling: www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
December 31, 2024 at 11:06 AM
Also happy to finally see the paper on the macroeconomic and monetary impacts of big disasters published in Economic Modeling: www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
It introduces the new indicator "proportion of people at high risk from climate hazards", showing that 1.2 billion people are in such situation in the world. The preprint of the technical paper with all the details is here: www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-5...
December 31, 2024 at 11:06 AM
It introduces the new indicator "proportion of people at high risk from climate hazards", showing that 1.2 billion people are in such situation in the world. The preprint of the technical paper with all the details is here: www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-5...
But any development is not enough: the report highlights 30 examples of private sector adaptation and 9 case studies of adaptation public policies.
December 31, 2024 at 11:06 AM
But any development is not enough: the report highlights 30 examples of private sector adaptation and 9 case studies of adaptation public policies.
It shows that every 10% increase in income reduces the number of people living at high risk from climate hazards by 100 million. Overall, development reduces vulnerability, for any metric.
December 31, 2024 at 11:06 AM
It shows that every 10% increase in income reduces the number of people living at high risk from climate hazards by 100 million. Overall, development reduces vulnerability, for any metric.
We have also published a special report focused on Adaptation and Resilience: "Rising to the Challenge". It frames successful adaptation as three parallel endeavors: faster development, better development, and targeted adaptation. www.worldbank.org/en/publicati...
December 31, 2024 at 11:06 AM
We have also published a special report focused on Adaptation and Resilience: "Rising to the Challenge". It frames successful adaptation as three parallel endeavors: faster development, better development, and targeted adaptation. www.worldbank.org/en/publicati...
Are those reports useful? We did a review of how some of our first CCDRs have been used and have influenced real-world decisions. We find 5 different modalities through which CCDRs have an impact. See the short note: documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/0...
December 31, 2024 at 11:06 AM
Are those reports useful? We did a review of how some of our first CCDRs have been used and have influenced real-world decisions. We find 5 different modalities through which CCDRs have an impact. See the short note: documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/0...
And more reports confirm previous findings: a resilient low-emissions development pathway can have the same economic growth as current trends. Decarbonization does not require to compromise on growth and poverty reduction.
December 31, 2024 at 11:06 AM
And more reports confirm previous findings: a resilient low-emissions development pathway can have the same economic growth as current trends. Decarbonization does not require to compromise on growth and poverty reduction.
Among key findings, the fact that expected climate impacts in poor countries are dominated by direct effects on people (health, productivity) while in richer countries effects through extreme events and physical capital dominate. It means adaptation priorities are also different.
December 31, 2024 at 11:06 AM
Among key findings, the fact that expected climate impacts in poor countries are dominated by direct effects on people (health, productivity) while in richer countries effects through extreme events and physical capital dominate. It means adaptation priorities are also different.
We summarized key findings in our Summary Report. This year, it is focused on people, as they are affected by climate impacts, but also as essential actors in inventing, designing, and implementing solutions. www.worldbank.org/en/topic/cli...
December 31, 2024 at 11:06 AM
We summarized key findings in our Summary Report. This year, it is focused on people, as they are affected by climate impacts, but also as essential actors in inventing, designing, and implementing solutions. www.worldbank.org/en/topic/cli...
We have produced Country Climate and Development Reports for 30 new countries, to reach a total of 72 countries. These reports identify priorities for countries to achieve their development goals while managing climate change impacts and their emission reduction objectives.
December 31, 2024 at 11:06 AM
We have produced Country Climate and Development Reports for 30 new countries, to reach a total of 72 countries. These reports identify priorities for countries to achieve their development goals while managing climate change impacts and their emission reduction objectives.
The report dispels the idea that no progress is being done. With 30 examples from the private sector and 9 public-sector reforms or interventions, it shows that promising adaptation and resilience efforts are undertaken globally and have measurable results.
November 26, 2024 at 12:26 AM
The report dispels the idea that no progress is being done. With 30 examples from the private sector and 9 public-sector reforms or interventions, it shows that promising adaptation and resilience efforts are undertaken globally and have measurable results.
Countries are acting: An assessment of 44 countries shows progress with adaptation planning. But most countries are still lagging in implementing resilience interventions, especially those related to policies and macro-fiscal dimensions, and in the monitoring and evaluation of their actions.
November 26, 2024 at 12:26 AM
Countries are acting: An assessment of 44 countries shows progress with adaptation planning. But most countries are still lagging in implementing resilience interventions, especially those related to policies and macro-fiscal dimensions, and in the monitoring and evaluation of their actions.
But economic growth is not enough: different development pathways deliver more or less resilience. Risk-informed urbanization patterns, infrastructure design, and environmental management are essential.
November 26, 2024 at 12:26 AM
But economic growth is not enough: different development pathways deliver more or less resilience. Risk-informed urbanization patterns, infrastructure design, and environmental management are essential.
Development is key: nobody can be resilient without access to basic infra and social services, decent housing, or while living in poverty. A 10-percent increase in income is associated with a decrease in the population at high risk by close to 100 million people.
November 26, 2024 at 12:26 AM
Development is key: nobody can be resilient without access to basic infra and social services, decent housing, or while living in poverty. A 10-percent increase in income is associated with a decrease in the population at high risk by close to 100 million people.
One key message is that, to reduce impacts on people, we need a combination of more rapid development, more resilient development, and targeted adaptation interventions
November 26, 2024 at 12:26 AM
One key message is that, to reduce impacts on people, we need a combination of more rapid development, more resilient development, and targeted adaptation interventions
“Raising to the Challenge”: Our new World Bank report on adaptation and resilience highlights the needs for action, with 1.2b people living at high risk from climate hazards, without basic tools to manage risks. But it also shows progress, and good practices waiting to be replicated!
November 26, 2024 at 12:26 AM
“Raising to the Challenge”: Our new World Bank report on adaptation and resilience highlights the needs for action, with 1.2b people living at high risk from climate hazards, without basic tools to manage risks. But it also shows progress, and good practices waiting to be replicated!