Importantly we see no change in policy areas unrelated to the Ukraine crisis.

👉 Citizens back EU cooperation where it’s functionally relevant.

This stability masks a geographic realignment 🌍

Regions closer to Russia’s border became more supportive of common EU defence and foreign policies, and of enlargement.

Areas hardest hit by the energy crisis briefly backed a common EU energy policy, but that effect faded fast.

Using Eurobarometer data, we find that a major threat like the Russian invasion did not fundamentally change how people view EU policy solutions —
👉 except for a clear rise in support for EU enlargement.

The war reshaped the EU agenda, but not citizens' attitudes.

On the continuity between Deaghi and Meloni, I have written in 2023 with Salvatore Vassallo here ⬇️

We were not wrong.

www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1...

Thanks a lot for the excellent comments, Ruben!