Led by @fanohi.bsky.social, and co-supervised by @scauchemez.bsky.social, this study is the result of a fruitful collaboration between Institut Pasteur Madagascar and @pasteur.fr.

Finally, we evaluated intervention strategies and found that targeting both rats and their fleas at the start of the epidemic season (July–Sep) was the most effective way for reducing human plague cases. This proactive strategy contrasts with the reactive measures currently used in Madagascar.