Eric Fan
@ericfan-journo.bsky.social
Bloomberg News investigative data reporter | email: xfan134@bloomberg.net
And we're making the H-1B data public for all reporters and researchers!
github.com/BloombergGra...
github.com/BloombergGra...
GitHub - BloombergGraphics/2024-h1b-immigration-data: US H-1B Visa Lottery and Petition Data FY 2021 - FY 2024
US H-1B Visa Lottery and Petition Data FY 2021 - FY 2024 - BloombergGraphics/2024-h1b-immigration-data
github.com
June 27, 2025 at 6:04 PM
And we're making the H-1B data public for all reporters and researchers!
github.com/BloombergGra...
github.com/BloombergGra...
Free 🎁 link to the story is here (valid for 7 days).
We also produced a 14-minute documentary embedded in the story.
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
We also produced a 14-minute documentary embedded in the story.
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
H-1B Middlemen Bring Cheap Labor to Citi, Capital One
Major US banks like Citi and Capital One are outsourcing to H-1B middleman firms which game the visa lottery system to hire thousands of lower paid workers.
www.bloomberg.com
June 27, 2025 at 6:04 PM
Free 🎁 link to the story is here (valid for 7 days).
We also produced a 14-minute documentary embedded in the story.
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
We also produced a 14-minute documentary embedded in the story.
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
Some engaged in visa fraud: Six staffing firms flagged by the USCIS for multiple registration abuse had supplied eight workers to Capital One.
Capital One said it's unaware of any government investigation, but declined to say whether it worked with the staffing firms.
Capital One said it's unaware of any government investigation, but declined to say whether it worked with the staffing firms.
June 27, 2025 at 6:04 PM
Some engaged in visa fraud: Six staffing firms flagged by the USCIS for multiple registration abuse had supplied eight workers to Capital One.
Capital One said it's unaware of any government investigation, but declined to say whether it worked with the staffing firms.
Capital One said it's unaware of any government investigation, but declined to say whether it worked with the staffing firms.
Some visa middlemen are accused of discrimination: Tata Consultancy Services Ltd., Citi's largest supplier of H-1B contractors, is currently under investigation by the EEOC for alleged discrimination against non-Indian workers.
TCS denied the allegation.
www.bloomberg.com/news/article...
TCS denied the allegation.
www.bloomberg.com/news/article...
US Agency Probes Workers' Bias Claims Against India’s TCS
Inquiry stems from dozens of complaints alleging India's biggest IT outsourcer targeted US workers for layoffs amid tech industry downturn
www.bloomberg.com
June 27, 2025 at 6:04 PM
Some visa middlemen are accused of discrimination: Tata Consultancy Services Ltd., Citi's largest supplier of H-1B contractors, is currently under investigation by the EEOC for alleged discrimination against non-Indian workers.
TCS denied the allegation.
www.bloomberg.com/news/article...
TCS denied the allegation.
www.bloomberg.com/news/article...
Immigration law requires visa sponsors to pay H-1B workers no less than their similarly-situated American colleagues.
But because contractors are not directly employed by the end-client, they can be legally paid lower than direct-hires.
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
But because contractors are not directly employed by the end-client, they can be legally paid lower than direct-hires.
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
Insiders Tell How IT Giant Favored Indian H-1B Workers Over US Employees
IT company Cognizant leaned on Indian workers and discriminated against US employees, a federal jury found. Black and Hispanic employees were affected most.
www.bloomberg.com
June 27, 2025 at 6:04 PM
Immigration law requires visa sponsors to pay H-1B workers no less than their similarly-situated American colleagues.
But because contractors are not directly employed by the end-client, they can be legally paid lower than direct-hires.
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
But because contractors are not directly employed by the end-client, they can be legally paid lower than direct-hires.
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
Citi, for example, added 3,000 new H-1B workers 2020-24. That's more than some tech giants like Nvidia & Oracle.
Yet most of them weren't Citi employees. Instead, 2/3 were contractors paid substantially less than those whom Citi hired directly.
Citi says it follows all laws.
Yet most of them weren't Citi employees. Instead, 2/3 were contractors paid substantially less than those whom Citi hired directly.
Citi says it follows all laws.
June 27, 2025 at 6:04 PM
Citi, for example, added 3,000 new H-1B workers 2020-24. That's more than some tech giants like Nvidia & Oracle.
Yet most of them weren't Citi employees. Instead, 2/3 were contractors paid substantially less than those whom Citi hired directly.
Citi says it follows all laws.
Yet most of them weren't Citi employees. Instead, 2/3 were contractors paid substantially less than those whom Citi hired directly.
Citi says it follows all laws.
Among the top 10 client companies we analyzed, contract H-1B software developers were paid $48,000 less than those employed directly - even after accounting for education-level and age.
1/3 of such contractors were paid exactly the minimum salary legally required by the DOL.
1/3 of such contractors were paid exactly the minimum salary legally required by the DOL.
June 27, 2025 at 6:04 PM
Among the top 10 client companies we analyzed, contract H-1B software developers were paid $48,000 less than those employed directly - even after accounting for education-level and age.
1/3 of such contractors were paid exactly the minimum salary legally required by the DOL.
1/3 of such contractors were paid exactly the minimum salary legally required by the DOL.
In Silicon Valley, H-1B is a pipeline for top global talent. But many other corporations use it for lower-end IT work, and do so indirectly through staffing and outsourcing firms.
Critics say it creates a second-class workforce with fewer job protections
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
Critics say it creates a second-class workforce with fewer job protections
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
H-1B Middlemen Bring Cheap Labor to Citi, Capital One
Major US banks like Citi and Capital One are outsourcing to H-1B middleman firms which game the visa lottery system to hire thousands of lower paid workers.
www.bloomberg.com
June 27, 2025 at 6:04 PM
In Silicon Valley, H-1B is a pipeline for top global talent. But many other corporations use it for lower-end IT work, and do so indirectly through staffing and outsourcing firms.
Critics say it creates a second-class workforce with fewer job protections
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
Critics say it creates a second-class workforce with fewer job protections
www.bloomberg.com/graphics/202...
Read our full investigation, for free for a limited time, using this 🎁 Gift Link: www.bloomberg.com/news/feature...
Shout-out to my reporting partner @newley.bsky.social and cool graphics thanks to @mariepastora.bsky.social
Shout-out to my reporting partner @newley.bsky.social and cool graphics thanks to @mariepastora.bsky.social
Former Staffers Say India’s Biggest IT Firm Was Gaming the US Visa System
New data show how TCS makes heavy use of employment visas reserved for managers. Ex-staffers say it was to get around H-1B rules.
www.bloomberg.com
February 18, 2025 at 2:20 PM
Read our full investigation, for free for a limited time, using this 🎁 Gift Link: www.bloomberg.com/news/feature...
Shout-out to my reporting partner @newley.bsky.social and cool graphics thanks to @mariepastora.bsky.social
Shout-out to my reporting partner @newley.bsky.social and cool graphics thanks to @mariepastora.bsky.social
Kini said he was emboldened to speak out at the time because the US government had just approved his green card, which meant his employer no-longer controlled his ability to live and work in the US.
Otherwise, with only a visa, “TCS could send me back to India with an hour’s notice,” he said.
Otherwise, with only a visa, “TCS could send me back to India with an hour’s notice,” he said.
February 18, 2025 at 2:20 PM
Kini said he was emboldened to speak out at the time because the US government had just approved his green card, which meant his employer no-longer controlled his ability to live and work in the US.
Otherwise, with only a visa, “TCS could send me back to India with an hour’s notice,” he said.
Otherwise, with only a visa, “TCS could send me back to India with an hour’s notice,” he said.
We unearthed reports TCS filed with EEOC showing that it had just 1/3 of the managers for whom it sought visas.
In a statement, TCS denied wrongdoing: “TCS rigorously adheres to all US laws.”
In a statement, TCS denied wrongdoing: “TCS rigorously adheres to all US laws.”
February 18, 2025 at 2:20 PM
We unearthed reports TCS filed with EEOC showing that it had just 1/3 of the managers for whom it sought visas.
In a statement, TCS denied wrongdoing: “TCS rigorously adheres to all US laws.”
In a statement, TCS denied wrongdoing: “TCS rigorously adheres to all US laws.”
Our exclusive data show TCS has gotten 6,500 L-1A manager visas since 2020. That’s more than the next 7 largest L-1A recipients combined.
And that's 5 times compared to its closest IT outsourcing rival with a similar US headcount and.
And that's 5 times compared to its closest IT outsourcing rival with a similar US headcount and.
February 18, 2025 at 2:20 PM
Our exclusive data show TCS has gotten 6,500 L-1A manager visas since 2020. That’s more than the next 7 largest L-1A recipients combined.
And that's 5 times compared to its closest IT outsourcing rival with a similar US headcount and.
And that's 5 times compared to its closest IT outsourcing rival with a similar US headcount and.