Two-way communication is incredible. It might feel quite sticky at first—we've been taught horses need to tolerate everything we ask of them. But, there are plenty of places we can begin looking for communication.

Injured or elderly wild (feral) stallions typically leave their groups. Younger stallions remain alone until they have recovered significantly enough to rejoin bachelor groups or bands. Older stallions, or those with chronic injuries, often occupy similar home ranges and may join together.

Neophobic (fear of new things)? Horses are typically given this descriptor in scientific manuscripts. But, feral horses can be incredibly curious! This herd of horses followed me and my tripod for quite a ways before I pulled my phone out to capture this video.

Recall is one of the earliest things I train. You never know when a horse might escape, or someone will accidentally leave a gate open. It’s also the only thing I recommend keeping strong by using a high value reinforcer (apple). Everything else I train with low value hay pellets.