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3) Strategic autonomy does not mean full self-sufficiency. The EU should target key dependencies (e.g., PV panels and microchips from China) while maintaining diversified and resilient supply chains

2) Coordinated EU-level policies are essential to avoid industrial concentration in a few countries and ensure a fair distribution of benefits addressing the risks of deepening existing inequalities.

This paper provides recommendations to ensure a balanced and effective industrial strategy.

1) Industrial policy must focus on ecosystems, not just products, fostering complementarities across sectors to build coherent technological and capability frameworks.

Historiquement, l’Union européenne (UE) a favorisé les politiques industrielles horizontales pour éviter les distorsions de concurrence en encadrant strictement les aides d’État.

Cette dynamique était au cœur du dialogue que nous avions eu avec @dzurstrassen.bsky.social l'année dernière.

@donatodc.bsky.social @marcosimoni.bsky.social

This WP provides recommendations to strengthen EU defence policy, including:

- Create a formal EU Defence Council, with QMV.

- Empower the European Commission with financial tools to foster significant investments.

- Advance key armament programs to enhance capabilities.

This paper analyses the current framework of EU policies for skills development and proposes recommendations to improve it, including:

➡️Place-based skill formation
➡️Strengthening VET for green jobs
➡️STEM expansion for green technologies

@donatodc.bsky.social @marcosimoni.bsky.social