DrLeonardoNoto
drleonardonoto.bsky.social
DrLeonardoNoto
@drleonardonoto.bsky.social
Practicing physician, jiu jitsu/muay Thai fanatic, American bulldog dad, lover of all things Sicilian, and independent author. Posts are for general information/interest only and are NOT medical advice.
#medfacts
Why do we treat strep throat? Strep throat resolves on its own without treatment. The primary reason it is treated is bc the risk of rheumatic heart disease after untreated strep is greater than the risk of antibiotics. Everything in medicine is a risks vs benefits equation.
November 21, 2025 at 1:46 AM
#medfacts
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. A rare, late (years) complication of measles that is almost always fatal. Nonspecific symptoms —>seizures/blindness —>death. Evidently there are a few case reports of spontaneous remission. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subacut...
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org
November 21, 2025 at 1:34 AM
#medfacts “A night of Venus, a lifetime of Mercury.” In the past, mercury (which is highly toxic) was used to treat syphilis. Syphilis is one of the few major diseases to have crossed the Atlantic from West-to-East during the Age of Exploration.
November 10, 2025 at 4:21 AM
#medfacts Sociopathic people can often be quite charming in person. It actually is a characteristic of the condition. Stalin, Mao, and Hitler were all people that you would probably like if you happened to meet them at a coffee shop and didn‘t know who they were, which is disturbing.
November 9, 2025 at 11:15 PM
#medfacts New evidence suggests that cefdinir is associated with a greatly increased rate of treatment failure when empirically used for uncomplicated UTI compared to cephalexin. Urinary excretion of cefdinir is ~20% vs ~90% for cephalexin.
November 9, 2025 at 11:11 PM
#Medicine The difficult thing about treating invasive diseases is killing the invader without killing the hosting human. As a very rough rule, the closer related an invader is to the host, the more difficult that is: Cancer >> fungi/protozoans >> bacteria.
October 28, 2025 at 4:36 PM
#medfacts A commonly unrecognized cause of hypomagnesemia — too low serum mangnesium levels? Proton pump inhibitor drugs (drugs with a name that ends in “-prazole”). Other common causes include heavy alcohol intake, diuretic drugs, diarrheal illnesses, and nutritional insufficiency.
October 16, 2025 at 8:03 PM
#medfacts Clostridiodes dificile colitis is an aggressive infection of the colon caused (usually) by antibiotics killing off the normal bowel bacteria and allowing C. diff to grow unchecked. Severe cases can necessitate removal of the colon or treatment via transplant of healthy donor stool.
October 16, 2025 at 3:20 AM
#MedFacts All drugs are a risk vs benefits equation. That includes OTC drugs and supplements. Examples: NSAIDs like ibuprofen: great anti-inflammatory; can cause ulcers and kidney damage. PPIs like Nexium: great GERD relief; increase risk of pneumonia and osteoporosis.
October 1, 2025 at 7:14 PM
Is my kid with asthma “on steroids?” Quite possibly, but they are anti-inflammatory steroids, not anabolic steroids. ”Steroids” are a broad class of biological molecules. Made from cholesterol. Natural examples include estrogen, testosterone, cortisol, and a lot of others. #medfacts
September 18, 2025 at 5:20 PM
There is evidence that suggests (not proves) that OTC azelastine nasal spray may be protective against COVID, influenza, and RSV infection. The mechanism is unknown. Warning: data from small studies demonstrating correlations like this sometimes turn out to be untrue.
September 6, 2025 at 1:50 AM
#medfacts #medicine

Hematochezia = bright red blood per rectum. Usually (but not always) indicative of a lower GI bleed.

Melena = black ”tarry” appearing stool. Digested blood. Usually from an upper GI bleed.
September 6, 2025 at 1:37 AM
The new borrowing caps for medical students per the BBB. Effective 2027. 50k/yr. 200k in aggregate. Median cost of med school public/private ~285k/~390k. #medfacts #Medicine
July 29, 2025 at 9:54 PM
I was just reading an article about one of the most common uses of chatbots being for therapy. Needless to say, some of the recommendations that the bots made were both humorous and dangerous. Bad idea! #medicine #therapy #psychology
July 10, 2025 at 9:09 PM
The pathophysiology of a knockout? Well, the physiology of consciousness isn’t fully understood, so… But in a nutshell, a hard blow to the head probably disrupts the reticular activating system (RAS) in the brainstem —> knock out. #medfacts #ufc #boxing
June 29, 2025 at 2:24 AM
There is an old adage in medicine, “never be the first or the last to make use of a new drug.” Suzetrigine is probably going to be useful. It probably also has side-effects that we don’t know about yet. And it is new, which also means expensive, at the moment. #medfacts #science #medicine
June 17, 2025 at 1:15 AM
A novel pain medication recently approved by the FDA, suzetrigine is a non-opioid drug that blocks pain signals peripherally, at the nerves at the site of the pain, rather than in the spinal cord or in the brain. A sodium channel blocker, it shouldn’t be habit-forming. #medfacts #medicine
June 17, 2025 at 1:12 AM
How do gunshot wounds in injure? Two main ways. 1. Permanent cavity — the hole punched by the bullet. 2. Temporary cavity — essentially a shockwave caused by the bullet — if it disrupts a solid or fixed organ, it can kill too. #medfacts #Science #medicine
June 15, 2025 at 12:38 AM
The difference btw carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2)? Both are odorless gases. CO is toxic in fairly small concentrations. You should have a detector for it at home. CO2 = byproduct of metabolism. Excessive amounts, most commonly caused by not breathing, are also toxic. #medfacts
June 13, 2025 at 8:35 PM
Why do we breathe? It isn’t just oxygenation, but also ventilation. Ventilation is the removal of excess carbon dioxide via exhalation. Excessive carob dioxide —> bad things: acidosis, confusion, even coma. #medfacts #medicine #science
June 12, 2025 at 2:44 PM
The best marker of refeeding syndrome is hypophosphatemia — low blood phosphorus levels. When rapidly fed, starving cells in the body use energy from food to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the “gasoline” that runs the body’s “engine.” #medfacts #medicine #science
June 10, 2025 at 1:21 AM
In WWII, starving NAZI death camp victims started dropping dead after Allied soldiers gave them a bunch of food. The cause was Refeeding Syndrome — feeding starving people too quickly resulting in potentially fatal electrolyte abnormalities. #medfacts #medicine #Science
June 5, 2025 at 3:23 AM
Reposted by DrLeonardoNoto
No one knows what caused Encephalitis Lethargic, or why the disease disappeared as suddenly as it appeared in the early 20th century. It may have been a sequela of Spanish Flu. Maybe. The movie “Awakenings” is about the mysterious disease. It stars Robert DeNiro.

#medfacts #medicine #science
May 29, 2025 at 7:47 PM
Reposted by DrLeonardoNoto