Finally, the noise of the estimator can be significantly reduced using temporal anti-aliasing (TAA). It's likely that a sophisticated neural denoiser could further improve results.

Our estimator naturally supports "pop-free" rendering, and optionally enables accurate volumetric intermixing.

Eliminating sorting allows fast, hardware-friendly rasterization. Stochastic transparency exposes a direct quality/speed trade-off in the form of the number of samples per pixel.

3D Gaussian splatting relies on depth-sorting of splats, which is costly and prone to artifacts (e.g., "popping"). In our latest work, "StochasticSplats", we replace sorted alpha blending by stochastic transparency, an unbiased Monte Carlo estimator from the real-time rendering literature.