J.J. de Boer et al. demonstrate microscale optoelectronic halide perovskite devices capable of combining sensing and computing. The device is easily scalable and can simultaneously process light and electrical signals. The efficient transport of ionic charge carriers in halide perovskites ensures energy efficiency, and the strong light absorption enables multimodal operation. Combining the two input modes, light and electricity, enables higher classification accuracies of images and videos directly at the sensor when compared to using only a single mode.

A. Pereira Tavares et al. present an open-source low-cost myography platform named HemoLens. This is a customizable and modular platform used for mechanical characterization of native or engineered blood vessels. HemoLens achieves cost reduction and performance improvement by utilizing 3D-printing approaches, single-board computers, affordable cMOS cameras, magnetic attachment, and affordable linear-motion components.

This perspective delves into the mechanisms and measurement methods of triboelectric breakdown, a phenomenon involving electrostatic discharge during contact electrification. While often seen as detrimental, it also offers potential for applications such as nanogenerators and triboluminescence systems. Core concepts such as electric and optical effects, along with energy and information flows, are highlighted for device design. Performance metrics, challenges, and future applications are discussed, providing insights into advancing triboelectric breakdown devices for innovative and practical uses.

Non-destructive adhesion to biological tissue is critical for robotics in life-sustaining fields such as surgery and rehabilitation. Inspired by the scavenger fish’s suction mechanism and haptic perception, we present a biorobotic adhesion strategy. Our approach integrates a multi-scale adhesion mechanism, a fiber-optic-neural network haptic-perception system, and a rotational adhesion strategy. This work provides a promising pathway to advance non-destructive tissue-adhesion technology and engineer the next generation of life-related adhesive robotic devices.

This work demonstrates an underwater thermomagnetic generator that converts small marine temperature gradients into usable electrical power without batteries or active components. Using gadolinium rotors and passive convective-evaporative cooling, the device continuously powered marine sensors for hours in submerged conditions. The findings establish a foundation for self-sustained, maintenance-free energy systems that enable long-term ocean monitoring and advance the emerging field of blue energy.

Leblanc et al. demonstrate a memory device based on an ultrathin, ≤10-nm ferroelectric material (aluminum scandium nitride) to lower power consumption in CMOS technology. A multitude of parameters, including the content of Sc in the material, oxidation, method of fabrication, ambient conditions, and the interface with a 2D semiconducting layer, are shown to influence performance.

Lee et al. designed an electronic plant arrow (EPA), which is a plant-friendly, substrate-free microneedle sensor based on GelMA. Electrodes attached to the EPA enable electrical monitoring of internal plant conditions. Its arrowhead tip ensures secure insertion, while the biocompatible structure minimizes tissue damage and avoids growth interference. The EPA can be applied to seeds, fruits, and stems, demonstrating versatility.

Mottini et al. developed AdapSkin, a skin-conformal and bioadhesive polymeric electronic interface. By conforming seamlessly to different skin properties and morphologies, AdapSkin enables stable, high-density sEMG recordings with improved data quality for muscular assessment and enhances machine learning accuracy for gesture recognition.

Wang et al. designed a fluidic platform for manipulating the movement of mm-scale droplets using the structural multistability of magnetic ribbons. By switching the ribbon configuration and assembling the units in a two-dimensional array, the devices can control the critical sliding angles of droplets and steer the flow directions.

Zhang et al. report a self-rectifying memristor (SRM) with a Ta2O5/IGZO heterostructure that suppresses leakage currents by >104 with multilevel programming in a 32 × 32 crossbar array. The SRM array exhibits NIST-validated randomness with 16 distinct conductance states and a stochastic temporal decay (τ ≈ 25 s), achieving an intra-hamming distance (HD) below 0.03% and a near-ideal inter-HD of 50.001% for binary and quaternary PUFs.

Han et al. report a kilobyte-scale, selector-free ferroelectric diode crossbar memory based on AlScN, fabricated using a CMOS-compatible process. The results demonstrate uniform switching, 95% yield, and stable operation up to 600°C, highlighting a path toward a universal memory that is nonvolatile, energy efficient, and high-temperature compatible.

Suresh and Bird et al. present the bioelectrochemical crossbar architecture screening platform (BiCASP), a high-throughput system for rapidly identifying functional electroactive variants in microbial and protein libraries. By enabling fast, parallel testing, BiCASP accelerates protein design and creates new opportunities in biosensing, synthetic biology, and bioelectronics.

Zhao et al. present a self-aligning mechanism, similar to a self-spooling pulley design, for harvesting biomechanical energy during large movements. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are integrated with the mechanism to enable motion angle and amplitude sensing, while an embedded electromagnetic harvester powers the self-sensing module.

Li et al. present a bistable suction device to enhance microneedle performance via a shell-eversion-and-snapping mechanism. Inspired by the jumping popper toy, the suction device generates a localized negative pressure for skin adhesion that improves drug delivery and boosts interstitial fluid extraction by microneedles.

Reynoso et al. introduce an automated dip-coating system, enabling scalable microneedle electrode functionalization. This innovation achieves rapid, reproducible biosensor fabrication with diverse bioreceptors, reduces costly biorecognition use, and advances large-scale manufacturing of reliable microneedle-based biosensors for wearable applications.

A minimally invasive in situ bioprinter demonstrates the ability to reconstruct the vocal folds after removal of abnormalities. The bioprinter offers accurate real-time control of the nozzle position for hydrogel extrusion. The bioprinter was designed to be compatible with a standard voice surgery procedure.

Massana Roquero et al. present a device for the magnetic removal of kidney stones using a hydrogel to magnetize the fragments and a magnetic wire for capture and removal. Designed for compatibility with ureteroscopy, the device overcomes the limitations of the wire basket, which removes fragments one at a time and is inefficient for smaller pieces. Our prototype has shown effective fragment removal in a ureteroscopy benchtop simulator and demonstrated a strong safety profile in in vivo porcine models.

Extracellular vesicle (EV) therapies are limited by poor yield and scalability. We developed a bioelectronic platform using low-voltage, low-frequency stimulation to boost EV secretion from primary cardiac cells while maintaining cell health. The electrically induced EVs show enhanced microRNA loading, preserved tropism, and improved cardiac repair in vivo, establishing bioelectrical modulation as a non-destructive and scalable strategy to advance EV-based medicine.

Rokhmanova et al. developed an open-source wearable platform that provides reliable vibrotactile feedback for motion guidance. Designed with adhesive attachment and on-board accelerometers, the system was used to identify how tissue properties affect vibration perception. Dynamic modeling shows that skin stiffness correlates with body composition, while bony locations paradoxically feel stronger vibrations despite lower amplitudes. Real-time gait retraining presents an example of a clinical application for motor learning and rehabilitation.

Electrode-enabled microfluidics integrate sensing and manipulation on a single chip. Shen et al. survey fabrication strategies; compare electrode roles in electrochemical, impedance, optical, and microwave biosensing; and outline manipulation via electric, thermal, magnetic, and acoustic fields. The review provides a developmental roadmap for future lab-on-a-chip systems via additive manufacturing, flexible electrodes, improved solid-liquid interface, and AI-driven design/control.

Feng et al. designed a transverse-layered capacitance sensor to realize stretch-press dual-mode recognition. The multi-layer structure improves the capacitance by an order of magnitude, significantly enhances the signal discrimination and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and supports real-time monitoring of complex motion and multivariate control of end devices.

Lee and colleagues highlight advances in commercial vertical NAND flash and emerging ferroelectric memories alongside phase-change, resistive RAM, and 2D-material-based devices. We examine their roles in in-memory computing, emphasizing fine-grained analog programming, multi-level weight storage, and adaptive learning. Peripheral circuits such as ADCs and DACs are also analyzed as critical enablers. Comparative analysis identifies device-specific trade-offs and outlines hybrid architectures for scalable, low-power neuromorphic systems.

Ingestible electronic capsules are undergoing a profound transition from observers of physical parameters to in situ molecular-recognition platforms. This review systematically charts a panoramic roadmap of this technological evolution, details physical and biochemical biomarkers present in the gastrointestinal tract, provides an in-depth analysis of how electrochemical and optical sensing technologies empower electronic capsules, and comprehensively examines the key challenges, thereby offering integrated insights for the development of next-generation biosensing electronic capsules.

Liu et al. developed a fish-like ocean current energy harvester (FOCEH) array based on a triboelectric nanogenerator, inspired by the vortex-exploiting behavior of trout. The flexible skeleton of FOCEH enhances interactions with Kármán vortices, achieving a peak power density of 25.6 mW m−2 at 0.45 m s−1. A diamond-shaped array leveraging fish-school hydrodynamics further boosts efficiency by 41%.

Guan et al. present an electromagnetic textile-based actuator for a wearable vibro-haptic interface. The device is fabricated with weaving and embroidery methods and can generate a force more than 200 mN while maintaining moisture permeability of 30.9 ± 3.5 g⸳h−1m−2 and withstanding washing tests.