FRAMING EFFECT (PSYCHOLOGY) is a cognitive bias in which people decide between options based on whether the options are presented with positive or negative connotations. Individuals have a tendency to make risk-avoidant choices when options are positively framed...

DISTINCTION BIAS a concept of decision theory, is the tendency to view two options as more distinctive when evaluating them simultaneously than when evaluating them separately.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distinc...

OUT-GROUP HOMOGENEITY EFFECT is the perception of out-group members as more similar to one another than are in-group members, e.g. "they are alike; we are diverse".
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out-gro...

BELIEF BIAS is the tendency to judge the strength of arguments based on the plausibility of their conclusion rather than how strongly they support that conclusion.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belief_...

ESCALATION OF COMMITMENT is a human behavior pattern in which an individual or group facing increasingly negative outcomes from a decision, action, or investment nevertheless continue the behavior instead of altering course.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalat...

NE SUPRA CREPIDAM, a Latin expression meaning 'Shoemaker, not beyond the shoe', used to warn individuals not to pass judgment beyond their expertise. Ultracrepidarianism: giving of opinions & advice on matters outside of one's knowledge.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne_supr...

TRAIT ASCRIPTION BIAS is the tendency for people to view themselves as relatively variable in terms of personality, behavior and mood while viewing others as much more predictable in their personal traits across different situations.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trait_a...

LIST OF COGNITIVE BIASES, systematic patterns of deviation from norm and/or rationality in judgment. They are often studied in psychology, sociology and behavioral economics.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of...