Our results suggest that brain activity in non-canonical reward regions, especially DMN, during reward processing could be an important aspect of psychological treatment for anxiety disorders. This may represent off-task worry or rumination, or perhaps abstract/conceptual processing.

We also found that elevated brain activity in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) during reward anticipation predicted more depressive symptoms two years later.

...however, brain activity that differentiated treatment responders from non-responders was actually in cuneus, precuneus and angular gyrus, suggesting default-mode network activity during reward processing was more critical than reward-network activity for treatment response.

This paradigm was cool because it allowed us to differentiate brain activity during approach motivation, reward anticipation and reward receipt. We found that approach motivation-associated activity in reward regions did differ between youth with and without anxiety disorders...

Using data from a randomized, controlled trial of CBT vs. an active therapy control in youth age 9-14 with anxiety disorders, we examined whether brain activity in an approach-avoid conflict paradigm differed in youth with and without anxiety disorders, and whether it predicted treatment response.

@altnih4science.bsky.social

Meanwhile, Musk awarded $38 million to SpaceX. I haven't seen this publicized anywhere??