👩💻 https://sites.google.com/umich.edu/camillephaneuf/home
Huge thanks to the team for their support, & shoutout to our participants & their families for making this work possible!
📚 Journal link: doi.org/10.1037/xge0...
📄 Free link on lab website: andl.wjh.harvard.edu/publications/
Huge thanks to the team for their support, & shoutout to our participants & their families for making this work possible!
📚 Journal link: doi.org/10.1037/xge0...
📄 Free link on lab website: andl.wjh.harvard.edu/publications/
Our take-away: when some of the information about the benefits & costs of cognitive effort needs to be learned, exertion becomes more economical into adulthood. During childhood & adolescence, aims may not translate into actions.
Our take-away: when some of the information about the benefits & costs of cognitive effort needs to be learned, exertion becomes more economical into adulthood. During childhood & adolescence, aims may not translate into actions.
For completeness, in our secondary experiment, both the reward & difficulty cues were instructed. We believe that the removal of learning demands made the task easier. Accordingly, we no longer found strategic cognitive effort allocation in older participants.
For completeness, in our secondary experiment, both the reward & difficulty cues were instructed. We believe that the removal of learning demands made the task easier. Accordingly, we no longer found strategic cognitive effort allocation in older participants.
We also found that participants of all ages reported trying harder when there were greater rewards at stake — even though we only observed reward-boosted performance in adults.
➡️ This hints at a gap between goals & realized behavior in younger participants.
We also found that participants of all ages reported trying harder when there were greater rewards at stake — even though we only observed reward-boosted performance in adults.
➡️ This hints at a gap between goals & realized behavior in younger participants.
➡️ This suggests that adults, but not children & adolescents, economically exerted their cognitive effort.
➡️ This suggests that adults, but not children & adolescents, economically exerted their cognitive effort.
In the primary experiment, the reward cue was instructed, but the difficulty cue had to be learned through experience. We found that reward-based titration of task accuracy emerged with age & difficulty-based titration of task accuracy somewhat emerged with age.
In the primary experiment, the reward cue was instructed, but the difficulty cue had to be learned through experience. We found that reward-based titration of task accuracy emerged with age & difficulty-based titration of task accuracy somewhat emerged with age.
A participant who invests their cognitive effort efficiently would try hard to get trials correct in high reward & low difficulty blocks, but not in low reward & high difficulty blocks.
A participant who invests their cognitive effort efficiently would try hard to get trials correct in high reward & low difficulty blocks, but not in low reward & high difficulty blocks.
We tested 300 participants (ages 10–20 years) across 2 experiments using a child-friendly task-switching paradigm🌙👾🪐. The task blocks varied in rewards & difficulty, & these blocks were proactively cued.
We tested 300 participants (ages 10–20 years) across 2 experiments using a child-friendly task-switching paradigm🌙👾🪐. The task blocks varied in rewards & difficulty, & these blocks were proactively cued.
Are children & adolescents similarly economical? TLDR: they may say that they are, but their behavior tells a different story.
Are children & adolescents similarly economical? TLDR: they may say that they are, but their behavior tells a different story.
Adults learn to exert their cognitive effort when it's economical to do so — i.e., when the benefits (like rewards offered for performing a task well 💰) outweigh the costs (like the difficulty of the task 💪).
Adults learn to exert their cognitive effort when it's economical to do so — i.e., when the benefits (like rewards offered for performing a task well 💰) outweigh the costs (like the difficulty of the task 💪).