Overall this Article highlights the potential of using HQ as a potential antibacterial agent and its ability to synergise with other agents. However, a limitation of this study is that there isn't any information based on how HQ will affect the human body as there may be potential side effects.

Methods like:

Reverse Transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)

Molecular docking analysis

Were used to help researchers identify HQ's binding proteins in the ADI (Arginine deiminase pathway) Pathway and the RT-qPCR analysis confirmed the suppression of these genes.

Synergistic effects occur when two substances combine to produce a stronger impact than individually.

The study highlights Hydroquinine's success against PsA and its ability to enhance the effectiveness of other antibiotics. Hence aiding them to overcome multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains.

Another antibiotic (Ceftazidime) was tested on PsA and showed signs of being effective on some strains however strains (PA-S2, PA-S4, PA-S5) showed resistance but when combined with HQ, a partial synergistic effect was created. In doing so the MIC values of ceftazidime were decreased by two-fold.

The study conducted an experiment in which HQ was tested against six strains of P. aeruginosa.

Findings showed that HQ inhibited all strains at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 2.50 mg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration of 5.00 mg/mL, including those resistant to multiple drugs.

Hydroquinine (HQ), is an organic compound that is found to have antibacterial properties.

Research has found that it can disrupt the ADI pathway, essential for bacterial energy. This is achieved by restricting the arcA, arcB, arcC, and arcD genes, which stops the ATP production and Acid Resistance

MDR PsA has been effective against antibiotics due to various mechanisms of resistance:
Enzyme Production - enzymes that break down antibiotics like beta-lactamase
Efflux pumps - pumps antibiotics outside of the cell
Acquired resistance - resistance through gene transfers and many more mechanisms.

Multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PsA) is a strain of the bacterium that poses a tough challenge to hospitals as treatment options continue to decrease due to these bacteria become resistant to more medications. Nonetheless, research into using natural compounds is being conducted.