Christian of Stavelot, writing in the late 8th or early 9th centuries in Francia, reported his knowledge of Khazar Judaism:

There is only one recorded word known today which was most likely written in the original Khazar language: “[H]oqurüm,” meaning something like “I have read it.” It was written in Turkic runes at the end of the Kievan Letter, which was otherwise written in Hebrew. #history

During the era of the Khazars, a new material culture developed around their territories near the Dnieper and Don rivers. This culture is referred to as the Saltovo-Mayaki culture by historians. It may have represented a multiethnic mix of Turkic, Finnic, Iranic, and Slavic populations. #history

When the Magyars migrated west into Pannonia, they were joined by a group of Khazars, potentially rebels, known as the Kabars. The Kabars participated in the Magyar raids throughout Europe and settled alongside the Magyars in Hungary.

One of the only pieces of physical evidence of Khazar Judaism is the Moses Coin, a Khazar copy of an Islamic silver Dirham which subtly changed the Shahadah to read "Moses is the messenger of God." The Moses Coin was found as part of the Spillings Hoard in Gotland, Sweden. #history

The Khazar Khagan may have been a sacrificial figure. Like other rulers from throughout Eurasia, they were expected to maintain something of a “mandate of heaven,” and if they failed to do so after military defeats, ecological disasters, or other setbacks, they could be killed by…

The first Jewish Khazar ruler was a man named Bulan, or Sabriel. It's not currently known whether he was Khagan or Bek, although most historians suspect the latter due to his role within the Khazar military. There are multiple accounts of his decision to convert to Judaism...

Khazaria was home to Jews of numerous backgrounds: The ancient Jewish communities of Crimea, the Mountain Jews in the Caucasus, Greco-Jewish refugees who fled the Byzantine Empire, and Radhanite merchants who ranged throughout Eurasia, to name the largest groups. #history

According to De Administrando Imperio by Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII, it was the Khazar Khagan who suggested the Magyars select a single ruler from among their tribal confederation. That ruler was Álmos, whose son and successor Árpád founded Hungary’s first medieval monarchy. #history

The Khazars extracted tribute from numerous neighboring groups, including the Severians and Radimichians, Bulgars, Alans, Burtas, Magyars, and various Finno-Ugric peoples living in the forests to their north. Furs were often taken as tribute, which the Khazars traded with the Arabs. #history

The Khazars most likely had a system of dual kingship similar to other early Turkic groups: The Khagan was the supreme spiritual leader, and the Bek (or Khagan Bek) was the main political and military ruler. #history