Open access here: doi.org/10.1037/cps0...

This stage-based mapping points to treatment targets: first build clarity, then strategy selection, then practice applying in daily life. A stepwise skills focus may improve outcomes.

These challenges cascade: if you can’t identify your emotions, you’re less likely to pick the right strategy and less able to use it flexibly. That’s why recovery is so hard for many with PTSD.

Across 21 studies, deficits show up at every stage:
🔹 Trouble identifying emotions (low clarity/alexithymia)
🔹 Preference for less effective strategies (suppression > reappraisal)
🔹 Difficulties actually applying strategies in real life.

Plenty of work ahead empirical trials are needed but we hope this opens new directions for treating complex neuropsychiatric symptoms in FND

Our aim is practical connecting neuroscience and clinical evidence to guide treatments that move beyond symptom management toward mechanism focused care

We discuss how evidence based PTSD approaches such as prolonged exposure therapy and the unified protocol could be adapted to address these mechanisms in FND

In this Perspective we highlight shared mechanisms between PTSD and FND including emotion dysregulation, altered interoception and disrupted threat learning as targets for better treatments #FND #PTSD

Each stage has concrete actions: map stakeholders, test for bias, protect consent, train staff to explain AI outputs, and monitor real‑world impacts. Ethics becomes part of daily practice, not a checkbox

The framework has 5 stages: Identification → Analysis → Decision‑making → Implementation → Review.
All guided by 6 core values: beneficence, autonomy, justice, privacy, transparency, and scientific integrity.

We created the IEACP framework to give clinicians, researchers, and policy makers a practical, step‑by‑step ethical roadmap for integrating AI into mental health care safely and fairly.

AI can transform psychiatry, but without ethics it can amplify bias, erode trust, or override clinical judgment. Mental health data is deeply sensitive. Ethical guardrails are essential from day one.