Validators might congregate at sizes that produce the best risk-adjusted rewards and the protocol’s priorities might change with consolidation level. For these reasons, validators can as an alternative be given an f2 based on their position in a sorted list of validator sizes.

The force distribution f2 is unique to each validator and varies with activity rate or size or both. It distributes the collective f1 across the validator set through f1*f2 to produce individual incentives. Several options are reviewed in the post, a summary plot shown here.

It consists of the two shape variables f1 and f2 in the range 0-1 and the scale variable f_y. The combined incentive attenuates the yield by f1*f_y(c+f2). The consolidation force f1 is the same for all validators and varies with consolidation level, i.e., validator count V.