In conclusion, anaemia is a condition characterised by a decrease in red blood cells or haemoglobin concentration affecting young children worldwide, which can be managed by introducing educational programmes and nutrient supplementation.

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To help prevent young children in high-risk areas from developing anaemia, we could introduce educational programmes specifically looking into dietary intake, food diversification and nutrient supplementation for anaemia prevention. We could also offer iron supplements to those who need them.

Socioeconomic disadvantages, such as poor access to education and healthcare services, significantly increase the risk of developing anaemia. Therefore, children living in low and middle-income countries are at higher risk because of the lack of resources provided to help prevent it.

Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anaemia. Iron is required for the synthesis of red blood cells as a fundamental component of haemoglobin, which helps to facilitate the transport of oxygen around the body. Other nutritional causes of anaemia include folate and vitamin B12 deficiency.

Countries with limited access to clinical testing depend on medical history and clinical examination for diagnosing anaemia. For children with possible anaemia, the palms are assessed for paleness. Other symptoms include fatigue, pale skin, shortness of breath and headaches.

Anaemia is characterised by a decrease in red blood cells or haemoglobin concentration. Nutritional anaemia is caused by the inadequate intake and absorption of important nutrients. The haemoglobin reference range for clinical diagnosis varies according to sex, age, pregnancy status and altitude.

Approximately 293 million children aged 0-5 years old were estimated to be anaemic by the World Health Organization Database on Anaemia for 1993-2005, with the prevalence of anaemia being greater in areas of lower income, such as Africa.