1666: UK's Royal Society performed world's 1st blood transfusion on dogs
1927: Equitable Gas Explosion in Pittsburgh, PA, USA; world's largest gasometer killed 28
1960: "New Orleans 4", Tessie Prevost, Gail Eitenne, Leona Tate, & Ruby Bridges, 1st to integrate New Orleans, LA, USA schools
1666: UK's Royal Society performed world's 1st blood transfusion on dogs
1927: Equitable Gas Explosion in Pittsburgh, PA, USA; world's largest gasometer killed 28
1960: "New Orleans 4", Tessie Prevost, Gail Eitenne, Leona Tate, & Ruby Bridges, 1st to integrate New Orleans, LA, USA schools
1839: Final Stamford Bull Run ended a 700-yr UK tradition
1971: NASA's Mariner 9 entered Mars orbit, 1st spacecraft to orbit another planet
1985: Colombian Armero Tragedy; Nevado del Ruiz volcano erupted & killed 23k+
2015: Islamic State attacks in Paris, France killed 137 & injured 416+
1839: Final Stamford Bull Run ended a 700-yr UK tradition
1971: NASA's Mariner 9 entered Mars orbit, 1st spacecraft to orbit another planet
1985: Colombian Armero Tragedy; Nevado del Ruiz volcano erupted & killed 23k+
2015: Islamic State attacks in Paris, France killed 137 & injured 416+
1948: Tokyo Trials; WW2 Japan PM Hideki Tojo, & 24 others, convicted of war crimes by International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE)
1991: Dili Massacre, East Timor Genocide; ~250 killed
2023: UNFPA, UNICEF, & WHO requested end of Gaza hospital attacks; Israel violently declined
1948: Tokyo Trials; WW2 Japan PM Hideki Tojo, & 24 others, convicted of war crimes by International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE)
1991: Dili Massacre, East Timor Genocide; ~250 killed
2023: UNFPA, UNICEF, & WHO requested end of Gaza hospital attacks; Israel violently declined
1864: US Civil War; Preceding his March to the Sea, Union Gen William T Sherman ordered destruction of Atlanta, Georgia infrastructure
1865: Surgeon Mary Edwards Walker only woman awarded US Congressional Medal of Honor
1918: Poland National Independence Day
1975: Angola Independence Day
1864: US Civil War; Preceding his March to the Sea, Union Gen William T Sherman ordered destruction of Atlanta, Georgia infrastructure
1865: Surgeon Mary Edwards Walker only woman awarded US Congressional Medal of Honor
1918: Poland National Independence Day
1975: Angola Independence Day
1775: US Marine Corps birthed in a bar
1885: Test drive of Gottlieb Daimler's Reitwagen; world's 1st motorcycle
1975: "We are holding our own"; last message of SS Edmund Fitzgerald
1995: Ken Saro-Wiwa & 8 members of Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP) hanged in Nigeria
1775: US Marine Corps birthed in a bar
1885: Test drive of Gottlieb Daimler's Reitwagen; world's 1st motorcycle
1975: "We are holding our own"; last message of SS Edmund Fitzgerald
1995: Ken Saro-Wiwa & 8 members of Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP) hanged in Nigeria
1925: Nazi Schutzstaffel (SS) founded
1953: Bony Ekreachychate, Cambodia Independence Day
1989: German Reunification; Berlin Wall fell at Brandenburg Gate
2022: “May this tusk root out the lice of the hair & the beard”; world's oldest complete sentence translated from 1700 BCE ivory comb
1925: Nazi Schutzstaffel (SS) founded
1953: Bony Ekreachychate, Cambodia Independence Day
1989: German Reunification; Berlin Wall fell at Brandenburg Gate
2022: “May this tusk root out the lice of the hair & the beard”; world's oldest complete sentence translated from 1700 BCE ivory comb
1923: Nazi Party "Beer Hall Putsch" in Munich, Germany; Adolf Hitler convicted of treason then wrote Mein Kampf during imprisonment
1965: Vietnam Operation Hump; black medic Lawrence Joel earned US Medal of Honour
1989: Douglas Wilder of Virginia 1st black man elected governor of US state
1923: Nazi Party "Beer Hall Putsch" in Munich, Germany; Adolf Hitler convicted of treason then wrote Mein Kampf during imprisonment
1965: Vietnam Operation Hump; black medic Lawrence Joel earned US Medal of Honour
1989: Douglas Wilder of Virginia 1st black man elected governor of US state
1800: Paris, France outlawed unauthorised women in trousers
1917: Petrograd Insurrection began Bolshevik Revolution & Russian Civil War
1938: Nazi Ernst vom Rath shot; death justified 2-day Kristallnacht, harbinger of Holocaust
1944: Franklin D Roosevelt elected 4th term as US President
1800: Paris, France outlawed unauthorised women in trousers
1917: Petrograd Insurrection began Bolshevik Revolution & Russian Civil War
1938: Nazi Ernst vom Rath shot; death justified 2-day Kristallnacht, harbinger of Holocaust
1944: Franklin D Roosevelt elected 4th term as US President
1813: Congress of Chilpancingo declared Mexican independence from Spain
1962: UN Resolution 1761 condemned South African apartheid policies
1985: Palace of Justice Siege; M-19 rebels took 300 hostages in Bogotá, Columbia w/ 11 Supreme Court justices & 100 total killed in ensuing standoff
1813: Congress of Chilpancingo declared Mexican independence from Spain
1962: UN Resolution 1761 condemned South African apartheid policies
1985: Palace of Justice Siege; M-19 rebels took 300 hostages in Bogotá, Columbia w/ 11 Supreme Court justices & 100 total killed in ensuing standoff
1925: Soviet OGPU executed "Ace of Spies" Sidney Reilly
1974: Ella Grasso, Connecticut; 1st US woman governor elected "on her own merits"
1994: NASA/ESA's Ulysses; 1st-ever pass over the sun's south pole
2024: Sarah McBride, Delaware; 1st openly transgender member of US Congress elected
1925: Soviet OGPU executed "Ace of Spies" Sidney Reilly
1974: Ella Grasso, Connecticut; 1st US woman governor elected "on her own merits"
1994: NASA/ESA's Ulysses; 1st-ever pass over the sun's south pole
2024: Sarah McBride, Delaware; 1st openly transgender member of US Congress elected
1924: 1st women US governors elected; Nellie Ross (Wyoming) & Miriam Ferguson (Texas)
1952: US National Security Agency (NSA) formed
1956: Soviets crushed Hungarian Uprising
1960: Jane Goodall 1st observed chimps creating/using tools
2008: Barack Obama 1st black man elected US President
1924: 1st women US governors elected; Nellie Ross (Wyoming) & Miriam Ferguson (Texas)
1952: US National Security Agency (NSA) formed
1956: Soviets crushed Hungarian Uprising
1960: Jane Goodall 1st observed chimps creating/using tools
2008: Barack Obama 1st black man elected US President
1903: Panama Separation (Independence) Day
1906: "SOS" made official distress signal by 1st International Radiotelegraph Convention
1930: Detroit–Windsor (US-Canada) tunnel opened; 1st/only international vehicular tunnel
1978: Dominica Independence Day
1986: Micronesia Independence Day
1903: Panama Separation (Independence) Day
1906: "SOS" made official distress signal by 1st International Radiotelegraph Convention
1930: Detroit–Windsor (US-Canada) tunnel opened; 1st/only international vehicular tunnel
1978: Dominica Independence Day
1986: Micronesia Independence Day
1917: Balfour Declaration supported/progressed Zionism
1973: Lima Agreement created Latin American Energy Organisation (OLADE)
2000: Expedition 1; 1st International Space Station (ISS) crew
2010: Lancaster House Agreements; UK & France signed 50-yr defense & security cooperation treaties
1917: Balfour Declaration supported/progressed Zionism
1973: Lima Agreement created Latin American Energy Organisation (OLADE)
2000: Expedition 1; 1st International Space Station (ISS) crew
2010: Lancaster House Agreements; UK & France signed 50-yr defense & security cooperation treaties
1894: World's 1st diphtheria vaccine by Dr Emile Roux
1922: Türkiye abolished 600-yr Ottoman Sultanate
1952: US Operation Ivy; World's 1st thermonuclear bomb detonated
1981: Antigua & Barbuda Independence Day
1993: European Union created via Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty)
1894: World's 1st diphtheria vaccine by Dr Emile Roux
1922: Türkiye abolished 600-yr Ottoman Sultanate
1952: US Operation Ivy; World's 1st thermonuclear bomb detonated
1981: Antigua & Barbuda Independence Day
1993: European Union created via Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty)
1794: John Dalton 1st described colour blindness, dubbed "Daltonism"
1876: Great Backerganj Cyclone in British India (Bangladesh) & subsequent famine/disease killed 200k
1998: Iraq Disarmament Crisis; Iraq refused cooperation w/ UN weapons inspectors in response to US Iraq Liberation Act
1794: John Dalton 1st described colour blindness, dubbed "Daltonism"
1876: Great Backerganj Cyclone in British India (Bangladesh) & subsequent famine/disease killed 200k
1998: Iraq Disarmament Crisis; Iraq refused cooperation w/ UN weapons inspectors in response to US Iraq Liberation Act
1905: Russian Revolution; Manifesto on the Improvement of the State Order (October Manifesto) ended royal autocracy
1947: General Agreement on Tariffs & Trade signed; precursor to World Trade Organisation
1995: Quebec Referendum; 54k kept French-speaking Canadian province from sovereignty
1905: Russian Revolution; Manifesto on the Improvement of the State Order (October Manifesto) ended royal autocracy
1947: General Agreement on Tariffs & Trade signed; precursor to World Trade Organisation
1995: Quebec Referendum; 54k kept French-speaking Canadian province from sovereignty
1923: Cumhuriyet Bayramı; Turkey Republic Day
1929: Wall Street's "Black Tuesday" led to Great Depression
1948: Safsaf Massacre; IDF executed ~60 men, raped and/or killed girls
1964: Tanganyika & Zanzibar renamed to Tanzania
1969: 1st ARPANET (internet precursor) electronic message sent
1923: Cumhuriyet Bayramı; Turkey Republic Day
1929: Wall Street's "Black Tuesday" led to Great Depression
1948: Safsaf Massacre; IDF executed ~60 men, raped and/or killed girls
1964: Tanganyika & Zanzibar renamed to Tanzania
1969: 1st ARPANET (internet precursor) electronic message sent
312: Battle of Milvian Bridge gave rise to Christianity
1449: Denmark's ruling House of Oldenburg coronated
1918: Independent Czechoslovak State Day
1940: Επέτειος του Όχι (Oxi Day); Greece said "No" to fascism, "Heroes fight like Greeks"
2021: Direct human ancestor Homo bodoensis named
312: Battle of Milvian Bridge gave rise to Christianity
1449: Denmark's ruling House of Oldenburg coronated
1918: Independent Czechoslovak State Day
1940: Επέτειος του Όχι (Oxi Day); Greece said "No" to fascism, "Heroes fight like Greeks"
2021: Direct human ancestor Homo bodoensis named
1838: Missouri Executive Order 44 declared Mormons "enemies" of the US state of Missouri & "must be exterminated"
1950: Pakistan Kashmir Black Day
1971: Congo-Kinshasa renamed Zaire
1979: Saint Vincent & the Grenadines Independence Day
1982: China 1st country w/ population of 1 billion+
1838: Missouri Executive Order 44 declared Mormons "enemies" of the US state of Missouri & "must be exterminated"
1950: Pakistan Kashmir Black Day
1971: Congo-Kinshasa renamed Zaire
1979: Saint Vincent & the Grenadines Independence Day
1982: China 1st country w/ population of 1 billion+
1863: Geneva International Conference began; led to Red Cross
1977: Last natural smallpox case in Somalia
1979: S Korea dictator Park Chung-hee assassinated; led to Yushin Constitution repeal
2015: World Health Organisation (WHO); processed meat is carcinogenic, causes colorrectal cancer
1863: Geneva International Conference began; led to Red Cross
1977: Last natural smallpox case in Somalia
1979: S Korea dictator Park Chung-hee assassinated; led to Yushin Constitution repeal
2015: World Health Organisation (WHO); processed meat is carcinogenic, causes colorrectal cancer
1945: Retrocession of Taiwan; ROC sovereignty over Taiwan restored
1968: Haitian Jean Baptiste Pointe du Sable officially recognised as founder of US city Chicago, IL
1977: Operating system VAX/VMS V1.0 (OpenVMS) released
2017: Study announced discovery of 1st ichthyosaur fossil in India
1945: Retrocession of Taiwan; ROC sovereignty over Taiwan restored
1968: Haitian Jean Baptiste Pointe du Sable officially recognised as founder of US city Chicago, IL
1977: Operating system VAX/VMS V1.0 (OpenVMS) released
2017: Study announced discovery of 1st ichthyosaur fossil in India
79: Italy's Mt Vesuvius erupted; buried Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis, & Stabiae
1648: 30 Years War Treaty of Westphalia recognised Netherlands/Switzerland independence & reshaped European politics & religion
1946: US V-2 took 1st space photograph of Earth
1964: Zambian Independence Day
79: Italy's Mt Vesuvius erupted; buried Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis, & Stabiae
1648: 30 Years War Treaty of Westphalia recognised Netherlands/Switzerland independence & reshaped European politics & religion
1946: US V-2 took 1st space photograph of Earth
1964: Zambian Independence Day
1157: Battle of Grathe Heath; Valdemar I's victory ended Danish Civil War
1694: 26-yr Moroccan Siege of Ceuta, longest ever, began
1944: Battle of Leyte Gulf; 200k fought in largest naval battle of WW II
2018: 55 km (34 m) Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, world's longest seabridge, opened
1157: Battle of Grathe Heath; Valdemar I's victory ended Danish Civil War
1694: 26-yr Moroccan Siege of Ceuta, longest ever, began
1944: Battle of Leyte Gulf; 200k fought in largest naval battle of WW II
2018: 55 km (34 m) Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, world's longest seabridge, opened
1797: Parachute 1st used; André-Jacques Garnerin descended 910 m (3k ft) from hot air balloon
1938: Chester Carlson's 1st successful experiment in electrophotography (photocopy), later renamed xerography
2004: 1st isolation of graphene, a conductive 1-layer latticework of carbon, detailed
1797: Parachute 1st used; André-Jacques Garnerin descended 910 m (3k ft) from hot air balloon
1938: Chester Carlson's 1st successful experiment in electrophotography (photocopy), later renamed xerography
2004: 1st isolation of graphene, a conductive 1-layer latticework of carbon, detailed
1520: Magellan discovered strait around S America linking Atlantic & Pacific Oceans (now bears his name)
1600: Battle of Sekigahara ended Japan's Sengoku period & marked rise of Tokugawa Shogunate
1959: 1 of world’s top modern art collections, the Guggenheim Museum in NYC, NY, USA, opened
1520: Magellan discovered strait around S America linking Atlantic & Pacific Oceans (now bears his name)
1600: Battle of Sekigahara ended Japan's Sengoku period & marked rise of Tokugawa Shogunate
1959: 1 of world’s top modern art collections, the Guggenheim Museum in NYC, NY, USA, opened