Two weeks of chaotic climate negotiations during COP30 ended with a compromise voluntary agreement to begin discussions on a roadmap to an eventual phase-out of fossil fuels, prompting many delegates to decry the "Empty Deal." Others welcomed the outcome as a small positive step towards the end of the age of fossil fuels. It was confirmed that Ethiopia will host COP32 in 2027, making it the first time for the annual UN climate conference in a least developed country.

The official last day of the annual UN climate conference ended without consensus on key issues, and negotiations will continue for at least another day in Belem. Touted as the "COP of Truth" and a COP of implementation, the Presidency’s “Mutirão” consultations have evoked more confusion than consensus among parties.

Talks meant to conclude in the first week have spilled into the second, including the four contentious items, particularly the agenda action plan.

The Presidency's firm intention to decide on the controversial Belém political package by the next day intensified the pressure, but despite the push for swift negotiations, consultations throughout the day showed minimal progress, leading to further sessions scheduled until midnight.

At the beginning of the second week of the UN Climate Change Conference, the Brazilian Presidency focused on “the big four” items on the agenda in Belem. Meanwhile, over 80 countries called for a phase out of fossil fuels, while the Pope made an emotional appeal to countries to save the planet.

The first week of negotiations at the annual UN climate conference ended with the closing plenary of the Subsidiary Bodies during the day and a stocktaking plenary in the evening. The COP30 Presidency informed the delegates of the plan for continued negotiations during the second week of the conference.

Thousands of people participated in the "Great People's March" following several other protests inside and outside the venue earlier this week. In the morning, protesters blockaded the main entrance to the conference for several hours, demanding to speak to the president of the host country about the plight of the country’s Indigenous peoples.

The Belem Health Action Plan was launched, while a new initiative to halve food waste that could significantly reduce methane emissions was among the major breakthroughs at COP30. Meanwhile, two major reports released on the sidelines of the annual climate summit have indicated the world is headed for a catastrophic 2.6°C temperature increase. Activists at Belem reminded delegates that environmental defenders worldwide face persecution for protecting natural resources.

The Global Initiative for Information Integrity on Climate Change has launched the Declaration on Information Integrity on Climate Change at COP30, establishing shared international commitments to address climate disinformation and promote accurate, evidence-based information on climate issues.

Indigenous protesters forced their way into the COP30 climate summit venue on Tuesday and clashed with security guards at the entrance to demand climate action and forest protection.

COP30 is evolving as the most important climate summit since Paris 2015 and will help determine the future of life on Earth. Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva urged parties to meet the ambitious USD 1.3 trillion climate finance goal and rejected climate denialism, dubbing COP 30 the “COP of Truth.”

The World Summit of Indigenous Peoples and Nature, held in Abu Dhabi from 8‑10  October 2025 brought to the forefront the essential role of Indigenous Peoples in global conservation. Under the banner of “Our Traditional Knowledge is the Language of Mother Earth”, the summit affirmed that Indigenous communities are not only guardians of ancestral territories but also key actors in shaping sustainable futures.

Delegates at the fifth World Congress of Biosphere Reserves deliberated on strategic priorities for the forthcoming decade of work under the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

The SDG Moment 2025, organized as a townhall at the Economic and Social Council Chamber (ECOSOC) at UN Headquarters in New York, considered how to accelerate progress during the final five years of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

These are the latest round of talks in the marathon efforts to forge the first-ever legally binding international treaty to tackle plastic pollution, a deal that could reshape economies, consumption patterns, and, quite possibly, the future health of the planet.

Nature credits will serve as a tool to quantify and monetize biodiversity, transforming it into a tangible asset that investors, businesses, and citizens can support. These are designed to help in accelerating the restoration of wetlands and forests while promoting the adoption of sustainable land management practices. Besides regenerating and protecting ecosystems, these nature credits will generate financial incentives for those involved.

UN Climate Change Executive Secretary Simon Stiell closed the Bonn Climate Conference with a blunt warning that the world is falling dangerously short of action and that the delay is costing lives. The Bonn Climate Conference once again exposed the widening gap between the developed and developing nations, with the lack of trust undermining the required urgency.

Negotiators labored to find consensus on outstanding agenda items, with some meetings convening more than once on the same item throughout the day, and expressions of frustration over the time lost during the delayed start to the negotiations. Parties reached agreement on some issues, including the development of a new gender action plan and the Adaptation Fund, while other discussions are still continuing.

The controversial auction of oil blocks in the Amazon by COP30 host Brazil continued to rock the UNFCCC SB62 talks, with civil society protests reverberating across the World Conference Centre in Bonn. Delegates made progress on some core issues, while the overall progress of negotiations does not reflect the urgency that the climate crisis requires.

With pressure on parties to wind up negotiations by Wednesday noon, debates on draft texts continued while informal discussions sprouted across the venue to speed up progress.

In SBSTA informal consultations on Research and Systematic Observation, discussions unearthed widely divergent views with regard to carbon dioxide removal and abatement technologies. The UK emphasized their limits and risks, while the Arab Group wanted to maximize their potential, pointing to IPCC findings that such technologies are unavoidable.

The divergence of priorities owing to geopolitical upheavals and consequent financial constraints has raised questions about the effectiveness of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in the current context.

At the Bonn climate talks yesterday, informal consultations between delegates covered issues ranging from adaptation to mitigation, technology, and research. The incoming COP30 presidency urged all parties to submit their new nationally determined contributions (NDCs) before 1 September to be included in the NDC synthesis report.

Reflecting the mood of various groups from the Global South during the MWP impasse, India reiterated the fact that many developing countries already have ambitious mitigation targets but are not receiving sufficient support to achieve them.

In another dialogue, leaders representing different stakeholders, including the parties, Indigenous peoples and local communities reflected on the ethical and equitable incorporation of Indigenous values and knowledge and local knowledge systems in nationally determined contributions (NDCs).