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Opinio Juris
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A forum for informed discussion and debate about international law and international relations, with contributions from leading international law scholars.

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From ‘Nuclear Weapons’ to ‘Climate Change’: The ICJ’s Approach to the lex specialis Maxim

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/07/f...
From ‘Nuclear Weapons’ to ‘Climate Change’: The ICJ’s Approach to the lex specialis Maxim
[Amir Abbas Kiani is a collaborating researcher in International Law at Shiraz University, Iran] On July 23, 2025, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued its ‘historic’ Advisory Opinion on…
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:41 PM
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State Outsourcing of Information Operations: From Attribution to Aspiration – Part II

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/07/s...
State Outsourcing of Information Operations: From Attribution to Aspiration – Part II
[Richard Mackenzie-Gray Scott is the author of State Responsibility for Non-State Actors: Past, Present and Prospects for the Future (Oxford: Hart | Bloomsbury, 2022, re-issued in paperback 2024)] …
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:41 PM
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State Outsourcing of Information Operations: From Attribution to Aspiration – Part I

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/07/s...
State Outsourcing of Information Operations: From Attribution to Aspiration – Part I
[Richard Mackenzie-Gray Scott is the author of State Responsibility for Non-State Actors: Past, Present and Prospects for the Future (Oxford: Hart | Bloomsbury, 2022, re-issued in paperback 2024)] …
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:40 PM
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The Cost of Aid: When Humanitarian Data Collection Becomes a Method of Warfare

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/06/t...
The Cost of Aid: When Humanitarian Data Collection Becomes a Method of Warfare
[Safia Southey is an independent researcher and consultant specializing in post-conflict justice and international human rights law, with current projects at International Center for Transitional J…
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:40 PM
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Should We Celebrate the UN Convention against Cybercrime? Lessons from the UN Convention against Transnational Crime

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/06/s...
Should We Celebrate the UN Convention against Cybercrime? Lessons from the UN Convention against Transnational Crime
[Dr Marika McAdam is an independent international law and policy advisor who works globally on human rights-based criminal justice responses to organized crime and other issues] As the United Natio…
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:39 PM
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The Power and Responsibility of the EU to Protect the ICC from US Sanctions

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/05/t...
The Power and Responsibility of the EU to Protect the ICC from US Sanctions
[Jens Iverson is an assistant professor of international law at Leiden University]  The Trump Administration has sanctioned ICC high officials, UN officials, and human rights groups. There is conce…
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November 8, 2025 at 9:39 PM
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Justice Under Pressure: Strategic Litigation of Judicial Independence in Europe

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/05/j...
Justice Under Pressure: Strategic Litigation of Judicial Independence in Europe
[Helen Duffy runs Human Rights in Practice and is a professor of human rights and humanitarian law at the University of Leiden. Karolína Babická is a Senior Legal Adviser at the International Commi…
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:38 PM
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The African Commission’s Missed Opportunity on Conflict-Related Sexual Violence

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/05/t...
The African Commission’s Missed Opportunity on Conflict-Related Sexual Violence
[Coline Minguet is an FNRS-funded PhD candidate at UCLouvain researching reparations for victims of sexual violence in armed conflicts under international law, with prior experience as a Brussels-b…
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:38 PM
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A Reminder that Targeting a Hospital is a War Crime

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/04/a...
A Reminder that Targeting a Hospital is a War Crime
[Elise Baker is a senior staff lawyer at the Atlantic Council Strategic Litigation Project, where she leads work on accountability and support for victims and survivors of human rights violations i…
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:37 PM
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Eroding Sovereignty in the Age of “War as a Service”

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/03/e...
Eroding Sovereignty in the Age of “War as a Service”
[Dr Rupert Barrett-Taylor is a Research Fellow at the Alan Turing Institute focused on the ethical, operational, and epistemological implications of Artificial Intelligence in military operations. …
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:37 PM
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Genocide at The Hague: A Transitional Justice Reckoning?

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/03/g...
Genocide at The Hague: A Transitional Justice Reckoning?
[Dr Jeremie M. Bracka is an international human rights law scholar and transitional justice expert at RMIT University’s School of Law (Melbourne). He previously worked at the International Criminal…
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:37 PM
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Events and Announcements: 2 November 2025

opiniojuris.org/2025/11/02/e...
Events and Announcements: 2 November 2025
To have your event or announcement featured in next week’s post, please send a link and a brief description (1-2 paragraphs) to ojeventsandannouncements@gmail.com. Announcement New additions to the…
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:36 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: “I Am Your Way Out” – Reading the Violence of Validation in International Law Through the Movie Sinners

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/31/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: “I Am Your Way Out” – Reading the Violence of Validation in International Law Through the Movie Sinners
[Reabetswe Mampane is an assistant lecturer in the Department of Public Law at the University of Pretoria.  Babatunde Fagbayibo is a professor in the Department of Public Law at the University of P…
opiniojuris.org
November 8, 2025 at 9:35 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Perceiving Time and Hope in International Law Through Hadestown

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/31/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Perceiving Time and Hope in International Law Through Hadestown
[Ruby Rosselle ‘Ross’ Tugade is a PhD student at the Faculty of Law & Justice, University of New South Wales (Sydney), researching anti-communicst state violence in the Philippines] Anaïs Mitch…
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October 31, 2025 at 12:04 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Ninjas Against Terror – The Akatsuki and the Challenges of Defining Terrorism in International Law

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/30/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Ninjas Against Terror – The Akatsuki and the Challenges of Defining Terrorism in International Law
[Shpresa Salihu is a graduate assistant and PhD candidate at the Chair of Public International Law and European Law (University of Fribourg, Switzerland)] ‘We are both ordinary men, driven to seek …
opiniojuris.org
October 31, 2025 at 12:04 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Sovereignty in the Age of Cybercrime – A Cultural Realist Reading of To Kill a Monkey

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/30/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Sovereignty in the Age of Cybercrime – A Cultural Realist Reading of To Kill a Monkey
[Christiana Essie Sagay is a doctoral candidate at the University of Ottawa, Canada] I take God, beg you, cut soap for me. Show me the way. Abeg! Anchoring Kemi Adetiba’s 2025 Netflix crime thrille…
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October 31, 2025 at 12:03 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Abolish War, Not Humanize It: Tolstoy’s Radical Pacifism vs the Geneva Settlement

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/30/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Abolish War, Not Humanize It: Tolstoy’s Radical Pacifism vs the Geneva Settlement
[Davit Khachatryan is an international law expert and reader] “They talk to us of the rules of war, of chivalry, of flags of truce, of mercy to the unfortunate and so on. It’s all rubbish! … War is…
opiniojuris.org
October 31, 2025 at 12:03 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Playing the Genocidaire? The Erasure of the Reachfolk in The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/29/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Playing the Genocidaire? The Erasure of the Reachfolk in The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim
[Laurence Atkin-Teillet is a lecturer in international criminal and humanitarian law at Nottingham Law School] There are no innocent onlookers in this struggle. Just the guilty, and the dead.Braig …
opiniojuris.org
October 31, 2025 at 12:03 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: “Is Truth Unchanging Law?” – Jesus Christ Superstar Through the Lens of Modern International Law

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/29/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: “Is Truth Unchanging Law?” – Jesus Christ Superstar Through the Lens of Modern International Law
[Dr Sergey Sayapin is Professor of law at KIMEP University (Almaty, Kazakhstan)] Musicals are not judgments, of course – yet the best of them do plead their case in song. Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd …
opiniojuris.org
October 31, 2025 at 12:03 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Huasipungo and the Chains of Indigenous Serfdom

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/28/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Huasipungo and the Chains of Indigenous Serfdom
[Erick Guapizaca Jiménez is an S.J.D. candidate at the University of Michigan Law School, a lecturer at the Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, and an Assistant Editor with Opinio Juris]&nb…
opiniojuris.org
October 31, 2025 at 12:02 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: International Law in the Arena – What Squid Game Teaches About Exploitation and Power

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/28/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: International Law in the Arena – What Squid Game Teaches About Exploitation and Power
[Eirini Fasia is a lecturer at the Law Group of Wageningen University in the Netherlands and holds a DPhil from the University of Oxford specializing in public international law, environmental law,…
opiniojuris.org
October 31, 2025 at 12:02 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: You Can’t Trade With Us – The United States, Trade Bullying, and the WTO

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/28/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: You Can’t Trade With Us – The United States, Trade Bullying, and the WTO
[Jyotsna Manohar is an international trade lawyer who holds an LLM in transnational law from King’s College London] Welcome to the Cafeteria of Global Trade Sometimes the most striking political co…
opiniojuris.org
October 31, 2025 at 12:01 PM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: ‘War Never Changes’ – Fallout, Restraint and the Enduring Nature of Warfare

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/27/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: ‘War Never Changes’ – Fallout, Restraint and the Enduring Nature of Warfare
[Professor Luke Moffett is chair of human rights and international humanitarian law at Queen’s University Belfast and a lone wanderer through Fallout 3, New Vegas, 4 and 76] “War. War never changes…
opiniojuris.org
October 28, 2025 at 8:00 AM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Gotta Catch’ Em All (But Not Quite)! Beauty, Utility and the Hierarchies of Life in Pokémon and International Law

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/27/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: Gotta Catch’ Em All (But Not Quite)! Beauty, Utility and the Hierarchies of Life in Pokémon and International Law
[Tamara Grigoras is a PhD candidate in public international law at the University of Fribourg (Switzerland) and a research fellow at the Waseda Graduate School of Law (Japan)] Not all creatures are…
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October 28, 2025 at 7:59 AM
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Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: An Introduction

opiniojuris.org/2025/10/27/f...
Fifth Annual Symposium on Pop Culture and International Law: An Introduction
[Dr Sarah Zarmsky is a Lecturer at Queen’s University Belfast School of Law and Deputy Managing Editor of Opinio Juris Dr Alonso Gurmendi is a Fellow in Human Rights and Politics at the London Scho…
opiniojuris.org
October 28, 2025 at 7:59 AM