Apply for COSYNE 2026 Travel Grants to support your participation in Lisbon and Cascais, Portugal. Grants are available for students, postdocs, and PIs, including programs for Childcare, Presenters, N...

MCN introduces students to the computational and mathematical techniques that are used to address how the brain solves problems at levels of neural organization ranging from single membrane channels t...

A long-standing debate in neuroscience concerns whether individual neurons are organized into functionally distinct populations that encode information differently ("categorical" representations) and the implications for neural computation. Here, we systematically analyzed how cortical neurons encode cognitive, sensory, and movement variables across 43 cortical regions during a complex task (14,000+ units from the International Brain Laboratory public Brainwide Map data set) and studied how these properties change across the sensory-cognitive cortical hierarchy. We found that the structure of the neural code was scale-dependent: on a whole-cortex scale, neural selectivity was categorical and organized across regions in a way that reflected their anatomical connectivity. However, within individual regions, categorical representations were rare and limited to primary sensory areas. Remarkably, the degree of categorical clustering of neural selectivity was inversely correlated to the dime