Journal of Neuroimmunology
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Journal of Neuroimmunology
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Official Journal of Neuroimmunology News Twitter. Latest articles on Immune & Brain interface research. Fellow @JNI_Journal for latest research news
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Diagnosing neurologic irAEs from ICIs is challenging. MRI is key to ruling out cancer spread and detecting indirect signs of neuroinflammation.
This review 👇 highlights the essential imaging and diagnostic features of ICI-related neurotoxicities.

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Neurological adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A practical guide to diagnosis with a focus on neuroimaging findings
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a class of oncologic therapies that enhance anti-tumor immunity, may be complicated by the occurrence of neurologic immune-related adverse events (n-irA...
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November 24, 2025 at 2:39 AM
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Updated flow cytometric MOG-Ab cut-offs aligned with 2023 MOGAD criteria: Clear-positive: 90.7% PPV, in core demyelinating events: 100% PPV, High clear-positive: 100% specificity (lower sensitivity)

MOGAD diagnosis accuracy in Korea. #MOGAD #Neuroimmunology

Paper below 👇
Clear-positive cut off determination of flow cytometric MOG-antibody assay in Korea: Alignment with international MOGAD diagnostic standards
MOG-Ab assay is a sensitive and specific biomarker that is indispensable in diagnosis of MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). However, its accuracy can largely depend on a proper selection of pati...
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November 17, 2025 at 2:47 PM
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Acupuncture eases neuropathic pain in lumbar disc herniation by blocking the CXCL12/CXCR4–ERK/NF-κB pathway, reducing glial activation and inflammation.
#Neuroscience #PainResearch #Acupuncture

Check the paper 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Acupuncture mitigates sciatic neuropathic pain in lumbar disc herniation via inhibiting spinal CXCL12/CXCR4-driven glial activation and neuroinflammation
Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a prevalent degenerative spinal disorder causing chronic low back pain and sciatica through persistent neuroinflammation and central sensitization. Increasing evidence ...
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November 10, 2025 at 2:04 AM
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Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) protects the brain from sepsis-induced injury by boosting HO-1 and blocking HMGB1. In mice, H₂S improved survival, cognition, and reduced brain damage - a potential therapy for sepsis-related injury.
#Sepsis #Neuroinflam #H2S #HO1 #HMGB1

Paper 👇
Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) ameliorates sepsis-induced brain injury by upregulating heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) to inhibit high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release
The incidence of brain injury in sepsis patients has been as high as 70 %, which has been a significant cause of septic patients' death. However, the pathophysiology of brain injury in sepsis is multi...
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November 5, 2025 at 3:07 PM
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Neoehrlichiosis, an emerging, underdiagnosed tick-borne infection.
B-cell–depleting therapy increases risk and severity. #MS patients with fever, high CRP, or anemia may need further attention prior treatment initiation.
#InfectiousDisease #MS #Neoehrlichiosis

Paper below 👇
Neoehrlichiosis in patients with multiple sclerosis in Halmstad, Sweden: A case series
Neoehrlichiosis is an emerging tick-borne infection. The documented cases of human infection demonstrate a varying symptomatology, diagnostic difficulties, a lacking clinical awareness of the conditio...
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November 3, 2025 at 12:26 AM
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Fast-forward through our day in neuroimmunology 🔬 — where every pipette move brings us closer to the next discovery.

#Neuroimmunology #LabWork #DataGeneration #PaperPrep #Pipetting #StainingHumanCells
October 29, 2025 at 1:18 PM
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Insight into stroke recovery!
miR-126 worsens brain injury by suppressing LRP6 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Blocking it restores signaling, reduces cell death, and improves outcomes - a promising new stroke therapy target.
#StrokeResearch ##miR126 #WntPathway

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Inhibition of microRNA-126-3p attenuates ischemic stroke by targeting endogenous neuroprotective receptor LRP6 in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) has emerged as a potential key regulator in ischemic stroke. Yet, its exact mechanism of action is still unexplored. This study aims to investigate whether miR-126 targets and r...
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October 27, 2025 at 12:47 AM
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It was an honor to sponsor the ISNI Young Session, Symposium 22 at #ISNI2025 in Chiba! 🌏

Congrats to our winner, @rosadelegadojimenez, and all speakers!

Special thanks to @HeinzWeindl for making this session a success! 🙏

#Neuroimmunology #ISNI2025 #NextGenerationScientists
October 20, 2025 at 4:27 PM
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Hypoglycorrhachia shapes the landscape of encephalitis. Low CSF/serum glucose flags infectious causes, while its absence points to autoimmune disease with higher ICU burden. #NeuroID #Encephalitis #Neuroimmunology

Check the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
The role of hypoglycorrhachia as a cerebrospinal fluid to serum glucose ratio in adults with encephalitis
We aimed to determine the clinical and prognostic significance of hypoglycorrhachia in adults with encephalitis.
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October 6, 2025 at 4:47 PM
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CAR-T therapy has transformed hematologic cancers, but ICANS remains a major barrier. Diverse neurotoxicities, lack of biomarkers, and unclear mechanisms highlight an urgent unmet need. #CART #Neurotoxicity #crackingICANS

Check out the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Neurotoxicity associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy involves reengineering patient-derived or donor-derived T cells to express a synthetic CAR that can recognise specific cell-surface antigens, independe...
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September 29, 2025 at 2:04 AM
Reposted by Journal of Neuroimmunology
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September 23, 2025 at 3:09 PM
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Join us at #ISNI international congress 5-8 October in Chiba, Japan.
We are supporting the young investigator session.
September 22, 2025 at 8:28 PM
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Beyond the brain: Our review explores how peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) shape Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis—revealing new therapeutic opportunities outside the blood-brain barrier. 🧠🧬 #Alzheimers #Neuroimmunology

Check out the review below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
The immune response within Alzheimer's disease: from the lense of peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most significant form of dementia characterized by neurodegeneration and higher-order cognitive decline affecting over 6.9 million Americans age 65 and older. Emerging ...
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September 7, 2025 at 11:43 PM
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First reported case of AQP4+ NMOSD after golimumab for ulcerative colitis, presenting with intractable hiccups (Area Postrema Syndrome). Managed with plasmapheresis + rituximab, partial improvement.

Check out the paper 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
When gut and nerves collide: A case of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum disorder after golimumab for ulcerative colitis
Anti-TNF alpha agents, such as golimumab, are effective treatment options for moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease. However, demyelinating syndromes have been reported as rare adverse events....
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September 2, 2025 at 10:48 AM
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Autoimmune nodopathies mimic seronegative GBS or CIDP but have distinct biology and treatment response — often failing IVIg or steroids, yet improving with anti-CD20 therapy.
Early recognition can be life-changing.
#Neurology #RareDisease

Check out this paper 👇
www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
The immunology and neuropathology of the autoimmune nodopathies
The autoimmune nodopthies have recently emerged as a discrete subtype of inflammatory neuropathy. They are characterised by the presence of IgG class autoantibodies directed against structural compone...
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August 15, 2025 at 1:02 AM
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We’re excited to announce the Young Investigators Special Issue in the Journal of Neuroimmunology! We will spotlight early-career researchers and support the next generation of discovery. Submit your original research and let your work be seen and recognized.
#CallForPaper
Journal of Neuroimmunology | Early career investigators in Neuroimmunology | ScienceDirect.com by Elsevier
Historically, many established investigators in the field of neuroimmunology published early work from their laboratories in the Journal of Neuroimmunology. Our mission is to bring important work in t...
www.sciencedirect.com
August 4, 2025 at 1:28 AM
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CSF cell analysis is key to understanding neurological diseases but has been limited by cell fragility. Millet Wallisky et al. introduce a rapid, one-step method for efficient CSF immune profiling

Check out the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Rapid one-step protocol for exploring immune cells in cerebrospinal fluid
Flow cytometry analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid's immune cell subset profiles can be used to help in the diagnosis and prognosis of nervous system pathologies. However, the cells need to be analyze...
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July 17, 2025 at 4:59 PM
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Thinking about how seasons and environment affect myasthenia gravis. UV rays, humidity, and summer activity might play bigger roles than we know. More research ahead! #MyastheniaGravis #Science

Check out the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Reflections on the influence of seasonal and environmental factors in myasthenia gravis
After carefully reading the short communication titled “Seasonal variation in myasthenia gravis incidence (Falso et al., 2025)” by Falso et al., published in the Journal of Neuroimmunology, I was intr...
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July 6, 2025 at 10:46 PM
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Inflammation meets depression: Blocking hippocampal necroptosis eases depressive-like behavior in mice. Targeting RIPK3–MLKL could be a game-changer in depression. #Neuroscience #MentalHealth #DepressionResearch

Check out the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
RIPK3-MLKL dependent necroptosis mediates depressive-like behavior by facilitating neuroinflammation
Neuroinflammation is a critical pathophysiological mechanism of depression. But the sources and processes involved remain unclear. Recent reports suggest that necroptosis with pro-inflammatory propert...
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June 18, 2025 at 12:12 PM
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TGFB1 is elevated in MS and correlates with IFNB1, which varies by disease phase but not IFN-β therapy.

Check the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Association of TGFB1 and IFNB1 expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with multiple sclerosis with respect to proximal rs1800469 and rs2275888 eQTLs
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system inflammatory disorder with evidence of peripheral immune system dysregulation. Complex signaling interaction of immune cytokines transforming growth...
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June 16, 2025 at 12:17 AM
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Stiff Person Syndrome Spectrum Disorders are under-recognized, immune-mediated conditions with diverse presentations—advances in treatment and understanding offer new hope!

Check the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders; more than meets the eye
Stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders (SPSD) are a group of rare neuroimmunological disorders that often include painful spasms and rigidity. However, patients have highly heterogeneous signs and s...
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June 12, 2025 at 3:46 PM
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Don't miss this new case report on Neuro-Behçet's disease featured below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Inflammatory cerebral pseudotumour as a rare manifestation of neuro-Behçet's disease: A case report and literature review
Neurological involvement in Behçet's syndrome is rare but is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Two subtypes of neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD) are typically described: parenchymal and ...
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June 12, 2025 at 3:43 PM
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High IL-10 and IL-12 serum levels in serum of Myasthenia Gravis patients could be used as potential biomarkers.

Check the paper below 👇:

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Elevated serum levels of IL-10 family and IL-12 family cytokines in myasthenia gravis
IL-10 and IL-12 family cytokines play important roles in various immunological diseases. This study identified a relationship between IL-10 and IL-12 family cytokines and the pathogenesis of myastheni...
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June 2, 2025 at 1:41 AM
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CD4+ CD25+ T regs activated with MBP and rIL-2 ameliorate EAE and may serve as therapeutic agent for autoimmunity.

Check out the paper below 👇:

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Autoantigen and IL-2 activated CD4+CD25+T regulatory cells are induced to express CD8 and are autoantigen specific in inhibiting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by immunization with myelin basic protein (MBP) is a self-limiting disease model of multiple sclerosis. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells play a role in li...
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June 2, 2025 at 1:32 AM
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Brucella neurotype induces CNS damage via the QUIN/NMDAR/Ca²⁺/CaMKII/ROS pathway, highlighting a promising therapeutic target
Check the paper below ⬇️

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...
Activation of NMDAR/Ca2+/CaKMII/ROS pathway by Brucella induced neuronal cell apoptosis
Neurobrucellosis is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system caused by brucellosis and is the most serious form of brucellosis. However, the pathogenesis of this disease is not well under...
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May 14, 2025 at 4:30 PM