Sorbonne Digital Encyclopedia of History - EHNE
@historysorbonne.bsky.social
Open-access encyclopedia of European history featuring hundreds of articles written by scholars, published by Sorbonne Université.
https://ehne.fr/en
https://ehne.fr/en
Pinned
🖋️Browse our online Encyclopedia for free, and discover new aspects of European history, explained by scholars from around the world
ehne.fr/en
French version available here:
ehne.fr/fr
ehne.fr/en
French version available here:
ehne.fr/fr
💬 "During the nineteenth century, the issue of peace and militarism was not central to the socialist movement." (Elisa Marcobelli)
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
The Socialists and Peace
ehne.fr
October 23, 2025 at 8:52 AM
💬 "During the nineteenth century, the issue of peace and militarism was not central to the socialist movement." (Elisa Marcobelli)
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
💬 "The representations applied to mining readily associated it with slave labor and with direct contact to the magical and fearsome world of hell." (Paul-André Rosental)
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Work and Health in Europe’s Mines
ehne.fr
October 22, 2025 at 6:47 AM
💬 "The representations applied to mining readily associated it with slave labor and with direct contact to the magical and fearsome world of hell." (Paul-André Rosental)
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
⁉️ Do you know Europeana?
🇪🇺 This online platform has been aggregating since 2008 over 60 million digitized items from European libraries, archives, and museums.
🤝 An editorial series on #EU #history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
🇪🇺 This online platform has been aggregating since 2008 over 60 million digitized items from European libraries, archives, and museums.
🤝 An editorial series on #EU #history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Europeana: Cultural Heritage at the Core of European Construction
ehne.fr
October 21, 2025 at 12:50 PM
⁉️ Do you know Europeana?
🇪🇺 This online platform has been aggregating since 2008 over 60 million digitized items from European libraries, archives, and museums.
🤝 An editorial series on #EU #history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
🇪🇺 This online platform has been aggregating since 2008 over 60 million digitized items from European libraries, archives, and museums.
🤝 An editorial series on #EU #history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
💻 In the 1970s, Europe tried to build its own “Airbus of IT” to challenge IBM: the UNIDATA project.
A bold dream… that quickly turned into failure.
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
A bold dream… that quickly turned into failure.
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Unidata or the European IT Misunderstanding
ehne.fr
September 17, 2025 at 2:54 PM
💻 In the 1970s, Europe tried to build its own “Airbus of IT” to challenge IBM: the UNIDATA project.
A bold dream… that quickly turned into failure.
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
A bold dream… that quickly turned into failure.
🤝 An editorial series on #EU history in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
The Paneuropean Union was founded in 1926 by Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi.
His reasoning was geopolitical: the goal was to safeguard Europe’s existence between 2 greater powers, the US and the USSR.
🤝An editorial series in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
His reasoning was geopolitical: the goal was to safeguard Europe’s existence between 2 greater powers, the US and the USSR.
🤝An editorial series in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Paneurope
ehne.fr
September 16, 2025 at 2:55 PM
The Paneuropean Union was founded in 1926 by Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi.
His reasoning was geopolitical: the goal was to safeguard Europe’s existence between 2 greater powers, the US and the USSR.
🤝An editorial series in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
His reasoning was geopolitical: the goal was to safeguard Europe’s existence between 2 greater powers, the US and the USSR.
🤝An editorial series in collaboration with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
There is still no unified European or international #memory of the #Armenian #genocide, and the activist struggle for #recognition is still both ongoing and relevant
✍️ by Boris Adjemian (@crh.ehess.fr )
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
✍️ by Boris Adjemian (@crh.ehess.fr )
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Armenian Genocide: European Memory, Worldwide Memory (The)
ehne.fr
September 4, 2025 at 3:43 PM
There is still no unified European or international #memory of the #Armenian #genocide, and the activist struggle for #recognition is still both ongoing and relevant
✍️ by Boris Adjemian (@crh.ehess.fr )
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
✍️ by Boris Adjemian (@crh.ehess.fr )
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
How did #environmental concerns, #industrial interests and the desire for European integration contribute to defining technical #standards ?
👉See our new article online ✍️ by Alice Milor
🤝A series on #EU's history in collaboration with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉See our new article online ✍️ by Alice Milor
🤝A series on #EU's history in collaboration with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Cars and Pollution in Europe in the 1980s
ehne.fr
September 1, 2025 at 5:59 PM
How did #environmental concerns, #industrial interests and the desire for European integration contribute to defining technical #standards ?
👉See our new article online ✍️ by Alice Milor
🤝A series on #EU's history in collaboration with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉See our new article online ✍️ by Alice Milor
🤝A series on #EU's history in collaboration with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Did you know that the #Armenian genocide of 1915-1916 "played a decisive role in Rafael Lemkin’s formulation of the concept of #genocide (1944)" ?
👉Learn more about this #history with our new article online, ✍️ by Boris Adjemian (AGBU Nubar Library - @crh.ehess.fr )
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉Learn more about this #history with our new article online, ✍️ by Boris Adjemian (AGBU Nubar Library - @crh.ehess.fr )
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Armenian Genocide (The)
ehne.fr
August 29, 2025 at 12:31 PM
Did you know that the #Armenian genocide of 1915-1916 "played a decisive role in Rafael Lemkin’s formulation of the concept of #genocide (1944)" ?
👉Learn more about this #history with our new article online, ✍️ by Boris Adjemian (AGBU Nubar Library - @crh.ehess.fr )
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉Learn more about this #history with our new article online, ✍️ by Boris Adjemian (AGBU Nubar Library - @crh.ehess.fr )
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
With the #heatwave we had this #summer, it's time to take a closer look at the #history of air #pollution and ways to fight it at the #international level!
👉 New article online, by @Alexandre Lauverjat
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉 New article online, by @Alexandre Lauverjat
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
The 1979 Geneva Convention: International Collaboration in Fighting Air Pollution
ehne.fr
August 27, 2025 at 11:10 AM
With the #heatwave we had this #summer, it's time to take a closer look at the #history of air #pollution and ways to fight it at the #international level!
👉 New article online, by @Alexandre Lauverjat
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉 New article online, by @Alexandre Lauverjat
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
What was a "devious" #woman in the 19th century and how was she portrayed?
👉Discover this #history with our new article online ✍️by Célia Honoré ( Ecole des Arts de la Sorbonne - @sorbonneparis1.bsky.social ) #gender #norms #arts
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉Discover this #history with our new article online ✍️by Célia Honoré ( Ecole des Arts de la Sorbonne - @sorbonneparis1.bsky.social ) #gender #norms #arts
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
The Visual Culture of Female Deviance in Europe in the Latter Half of the 19th Century
ehne.fr
July 17, 2025 at 11:13 AM
What was a "devious" #woman in the 19th century and how was she portrayed?
👉Discover this #history with our new article online ✍️by Célia Honoré ( Ecole des Arts de la Sorbonne - @sorbonneparis1.bsky.social ) #gender #norms #arts
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉Discover this #history with our new article online ✍️by Célia Honoré ( Ecole des Arts de la Sorbonne - @sorbonneparis1.bsky.social ) #gender #norms #arts
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👋To what extend has #social Europe been built up over time? Are we talking about European Welfare States or #Welfare Europe?
👉Discover this #history with a new article online, ✍️by Sandrine Kott!
🤝A series on #EU's history in collaboration with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉Discover this #history with a new article online, ✍️by Sandrine Kott!
🤝A series on #EU's history in collaboration with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Social Europe and the European Social States
ehne.fr
July 12, 2025 at 1:18 PM
👋To what extend has #social Europe been built up over time? Are we talking about European Welfare States or #Welfare Europe?
👉Discover this #history with a new article online, ✍️by Sandrine Kott!
🤝A series on #EU's history in collaboration with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉Discover this #history with a new article online, ✍️by Sandrine Kott!
🤝A series on #EU's history in collaboration with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Flying away this summer ?
Discover the #history of #Airbus, "From a Flying Bus to the Symbol of #Industrial Europe"
✍️by David Burigana (Università degli Studi di Padova) & Léonard Laborie (@cnrs.fr)
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Discover the #history of #Airbus, "From a Flying Bus to the Symbol of #Industrial Europe"
✍️by David Burigana (Università degli Studi di Padova) & Léonard Laborie (@cnrs.fr)
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Airbus: From a Flying Bus to the Symbol of Industrial Europe
ehne.fr
July 4, 2025 at 12:28 PM
Flying away this summer ?
Discover the #history of #Airbus, "From a Flying Bus to the Symbol of #Industrial Europe"
✍️by David Burigana (Università degli Studi di Padova) & Léonard Laborie (@cnrs.fr)
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Discover the #history of #Airbus, "From a Flying Bus to the Symbol of #Industrial Europe"
✍️by David Burigana (Università degli Studi di Padova) & Léonard Laborie (@cnrs.fr)
🤝A series on #EU's history in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
#PrideMonth continues!
Discover the #history of same-sex #marriage, which is older than we often think.
✍️ by @regschlag.bsky.social (@ehess.fr - IRIS - @assomnemosyne.bsky.social - @campuscondorcet.bsky.social )👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Discover the #history of same-sex #marriage, which is older than we often think.
✍️ by @regschlag.bsky.social (@ehess.fr - IRIS - @assomnemosyne.bsky.social - @campuscondorcet.bsky.social )👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Same-sex marriage in Europe
ehne.fr
June 28, 2025 at 4:35 PM
#PrideMonth continues!
Discover the #history of same-sex #marriage, which is older than we often think.
✍️ by @regschlag.bsky.social (@ehess.fr - IRIS - @assomnemosyne.bsky.social - @campuscondorcet.bsky.social )👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Discover the #history of same-sex #marriage, which is older than we often think.
✍️ by @regschlag.bsky.social (@ehess.fr - IRIS - @assomnemosyne.bsky.social - @campuscondorcet.bsky.social )👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Is it possible to transpose the notion of #sovereignty to a #European level?
👋See "Europe and the Nation after WW2", a new article ✍️by Christine Manigand (@sorbonnenouvelle.bsky.social) !
🤝An editorial series in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social #EU #history
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👋See "Europe and the Nation after WW2", a new article ✍️by Christine Manigand (@sorbonnenouvelle.bsky.social) !
🤝An editorial series in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social #EU #history
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Europe and the Nation after World War II
ehne.fr
June 19, 2025 at 3:27 PM
Is it possible to transpose the notion of #sovereignty to a #European level?
👋See "Europe and the Nation after WW2", a new article ✍️by Christine Manigand (@sorbonnenouvelle.bsky.social) !
🤝An editorial series in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social #EU #history
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👋See "Europe and the Nation after WW2", a new article ✍️by Christine Manigand (@sorbonnenouvelle.bsky.social) !
🤝An editorial series in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social #EU #history
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👋Can Europe share a common Constitution ?
A new article online✍️ by Christine Manigand (@sorbonnenouvelle.bsky.social)
🤝An editorial series in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social (Jean Monnet Chair /
@sorbonne-universite.fr )
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
A new article online✍️ by Christine Manigand (@sorbonnenouvelle.bsky.social)
🤝An editorial series in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social (Jean Monnet Chair /
@sorbonne-universite.fr )
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
History of the European Constitution in the 20th Century (The)
ehne.fr
June 17, 2025 at 1:18 PM
👋Can Europe share a common Constitution ?
A new article online✍️ by Christine Manigand (@sorbonnenouvelle.bsky.social)
🤝An editorial series in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social (Jean Monnet Chair /
@sorbonne-universite.fr )
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
A new article online✍️ by Christine Manigand (@sorbonnenouvelle.bsky.social)
🤝An editorial series in collab. with
@laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social (Jean Monnet Chair /
@sorbonne-universite.fr )
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
👋This is #Pridemonth!
👉 See our article on #queer #history, thanks to Konstantinos Eleftheriadis.
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
👉 See our article on #queer #history, thanks to Konstantinos Eleftheriadis.
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
Queers in Europe
ehne.fr
June 4, 2025 at 4:27 PM
👋This is #Pridemonth!
👉 See our article on #queer #history, thanks to Konstantinos Eleftheriadis.
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
👉 See our article on #queer #history, thanks to Konstantinos Eleftheriadis.
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
During the Bloody Week of May 21-28, 1871, “#women fought like lionesses” to defend the Parisian insurrection
👉 An article about #gender and political #violence, ✍️by historian Fanny Bugnon ( @univrennes2.bsky.social )
#genderhistory #politics #history
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉 An article about #gender and political #violence, ✍️by historian Fanny Bugnon ( @univrennes2.bsky.social )
#genderhistory #politics #history
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Gender and Political Violence (19th-20th centuries)
ehne.fr
May 22, 2025 at 6:13 PM
During the Bloody Week of May 21-28, 1871, “#women fought like lionesses” to defend the Parisian insurrection
👉 An article about #gender and political #violence, ✍️by historian Fanny Bugnon ( @univrennes2.bsky.social )
#genderhistory #politics #history
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉 An article about #gender and political #violence, ✍️by historian Fanny Bugnon ( @univrennes2.bsky.social )
#genderhistory #politics #history
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
#Onthisday in 1944, a convoy of Jews and Gypsies left the Westerbork transit camp for Auschwitz. Among people on board, Anna Maria Settela Steinbach, a young #Sinti girl who was murdered at #Auschwitz-Birkenau. #Holocaustremembrance #otd
✍️ by Sylvie Lindeperg
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
✍️ by Sylvie Lindeperg
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Images of the Holocaust
ehne.fr
May 19, 2025 at 12:22 PM
#Onthisday in 1944, a convoy of Jews and Gypsies left the Westerbork transit camp for Auschwitz. Among people on board, Anna Maria Settela Steinbach, a young #Sinti girl who was murdered at #Auschwitz-Birkenau. #Holocaustremembrance #otd
✍️ by Sylvie Lindeperg
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
✍️ by Sylvie Lindeperg
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
🌈 On this International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia, see our article on "Gay Rights and LGBTQI Movements in Europe"
✍️ by @regschlag.bsky.social ( @lab-iris.bsky.social @campuscondorcet.bsky.social @ehess.fr @assomnemosyne.bsky.social)
#IDAHOTB 🌈
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
✍️ by @regschlag.bsky.social ( @lab-iris.bsky.social @campuscondorcet.bsky.social @ehess.fr @assomnemosyne.bsky.social)
#IDAHOTB 🌈
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
Gay rights and LGBTQI movements in Europe
ehne.fr
May 17, 2025 at 2:42 PM
🌈 On this International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia, see our article on "Gay Rights and LGBTQI Movements in Europe"
✍️ by @regschlag.bsky.social ( @lab-iris.bsky.social @campuscondorcet.bsky.social @ehess.fr @assomnemosyne.bsky.social)
#IDAHOTB 🌈
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
✍️ by @regschlag.bsky.social ( @lab-iris.bsky.social @campuscondorcet.bsky.social @ehess.fr @assomnemosyne.bsky.social)
#IDAHOTB 🌈
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
On May 17&18, 1982, a conference held in Bonn marked a major step in the creation of the European Women’s Lobby #EU #Womenhist #EWL
👉 See Claire Lafon’s explanations !
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉 See Claire Lafon’s explanations !
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
European Women’s Lobby (EWL)
ehne.fr
May 17, 2025 at 12:33 PM
On May 17&18, 1982, a conference held in Bonn marked a major step in the creation of the European Women’s Lobby #EU #Womenhist #EWL
👉 See Claire Lafon’s explanations !
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👉 See Claire Lafon’s explanations !
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👋New article online!
In the 1920's, "💬the Spirit of #Geneva left behind a real legacy that is more than just a memory"
✍️ by Christian Birebent #LoN #history
🤝An editorial series in collab. with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social (Jean Monnet Chair - @sorbonne-universite.fr)
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
In the 1920's, "💬the Spirit of #Geneva left behind a real legacy that is more than just a memory"
✍️ by Christian Birebent #LoN #history
🤝An editorial series in collab. with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social (Jean Monnet Chair - @sorbonne-universite.fr)
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
Spirit of Geneva (The)
ehne.fr
May 9, 2025 at 2:14 PM
👋New article online!
In the 1920's, "💬the Spirit of #Geneva left behind a real legacy that is more than just a memory"
✍️ by Christian Birebent #LoN #history
🤝An editorial series in collab. with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social (Jean Monnet Chair - @sorbonne-universite.fr)
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
In the 1920's, "💬the Spirit of #Geneva left behind a real legacy that is more than just a memory"
✍️ by Christian Birebent #LoN #history
🤝An editorial series in collab. with @laurentwarlouzet.bsky.social (Jean Monnet Chair - @sorbonne-universite.fr)
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
👋As a new #Pope is about to be elected, find out what arbitration power the Pope has had in the modern world over time!
An article✍️by historian Albane Pialoux (@lettres-sorbonne.bsky.social).
#religioushistory #diplomacy #Vatican
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
An article✍️by historian Albane Pialoux (@lettres-sorbonne.bsky.social).
#religioushistory #diplomacy #Vatican
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
Pope, Arbiter of Europe Since the Beginning of the Early Modern Period (The)
ehne.fr
May 2, 2025 at 6:31 PM
👋As a new #Pope is about to be elected, find out what arbitration power the Pope has had in the modern world over time!
An article✍️by historian Albane Pialoux (@lettres-sorbonne.bsky.social).
#religioushistory #diplomacy #Vatican
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
An article✍️by historian Albane Pialoux (@lettres-sorbonne.bsky.social).
#religioushistory #diplomacy #Vatican
👉 ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
👋New article online !
Discover how #Native Americans and #Black slaves influenced #Christianism in #EarlyModernTimes
👉See 'The Creolization of Christian Worship'✍️by Eric Roulet (ULCO – HLLI)
#religioushistory #16thcentury #creolization #NativeAmericans #Blackslaves
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
Discover how #Native Americans and #Black slaves influenced #Christianism in #EarlyModernTimes
👉See 'The Creolization of Christian Worship'✍️by Eric Roulet (ULCO – HLLI)
#religioushistory #16thcentury #creolization #NativeAmericans #Blackslaves
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
Creolization of Christian Worship (The)
ehne.fr
April 24, 2025 at 3:37 PM
👋New article online !
Discover how #Native Americans and #Black slaves influenced #Christianism in #EarlyModernTimes
👉See 'The Creolization of Christian Worship'✍️by Eric Roulet (ULCO – HLLI)
#religioushistory #16thcentury #creolization #NativeAmericans #Blackslaves
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
Discover how #Native Americans and #Black slaves influenced #Christianism in #EarlyModernTimes
👉See 'The Creolization of Christian Worship'✍️by Eric Roulet (ULCO – HLLI)
#religioushistory #16thcentury #creolization #NativeAmericans #Blackslaves
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
🕵️♀️ To what extent did European nations truly benefit from modern espionage?
Was the information they gathered actually useful?
Or was the pursuit of intelligence driven more by curiosity — or even obsession? 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Was the information they gathered actually useful?
Or was the pursuit of intelligence driven more by curiosity — or even obsession? 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
The Ancien Régime and the Birth of Modern Espionage
ehne.fr
April 17, 2025 at 7:36 AM
🕵️♀️ To what extent did European nations truly benefit from modern espionage?
Was the information they gathered actually useful?
Or was the pursuit of intelligence driven more by curiosity — or even obsession? 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
Was the information they gathered actually useful?
Or was the pursuit of intelligence driven more by curiosity — or even obsession? 👇
ehne.fr/en/encyclope...
👋New article online !
Were City Dwellers Afraid of the Dark in the 18th Century?
✍️by Sophie Reculin ( @irhisulille.bsky.social )
#culturalhistory #city #night #18thcentury
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
Were City Dwellers Afraid of the Dark in the 18th Century?
✍️by Sophie Reculin ( @irhisulille.bsky.social )
#culturalhistory #city #night #18thcentury
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
Were City Dwellers Afraid of the Dark in the 18th Century?
ehne.fr
April 16, 2025 at 12:21 PM
👋New article online !
Were City Dwellers Afraid of the Dark in the 18th Century?
✍️by Sophie Reculin ( @irhisulille.bsky.social )
#culturalhistory #city #night #18thcentury
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇
Were City Dwellers Afraid of the Dark in the 18th Century?
✍️by Sophie Reculin ( @irhisulille.bsky.social )
#culturalhistory #city #night #18thcentury
ehne.fr/en/encyclope... 👇