Mass-selected Ptn+ (n ≤ 7) were deposited at variable energies on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), creating highly active hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts. HER mass activit...

The nanoscale structure of electrocatalyst surfaces governs the selectivity and kinetics of reactions including CO(2) electroreduction (CO(2)R). Yet, their evolution under reaction conditions remains elusive, and the roles of surface hydroxyls (OHad) and the interfacial microenvironment in surface restructuring are poorly understood. Combining electrochemical atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and grand canonical modeling, we reveal that OHad acts synergistically with COad to restructure copper (Cu) electrocatalysts during COR. Mixed OHad/COad coverage promotes lifting of surface atoms into metastable states, generating Cu adatoms and nanoclusters at mild cathodic potentials, which aggregate or dissolve at more negative potentials. This restructuring into low-coordinated Cu sites is accompanied by disordering of the interfacial water network. Nanocluster stability depends critically on CO partial pressure, while hydroxyls remain kinetically trapped on the roughened Cu surface. These findings underscore the importance of surface kinetics and interfacial microenvironments in atomic-scale surface restructuring, urging a reassessment of catalytic surface states under realistic conditions.

The dynamic restructuring of Cu surfaces under electrochemical CO2 reduction conditions is crucial for determining their catalytic performance, particularly for multicarbon products such as ethylene a...

The nanoscale structure of electrocatalyst surfaces governs the selectivity and kinetics of reactions including CO(2) electroreduction (CO(2)R). Yet, their evolution under reaction conditions remains elusive, and the roles of surface hydroxyls (OHad) and the interfacial microenvironment in surface restructuring are poorly understood. Combining electrochemical atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and grand canonical modeling, we reveal that OHad acts synergistically with COad to restructure copper (Cu) electrocatalysts during COR. Mixed OHad/COad coverage promotes lifting of surface atoms into metastable states, generating Cu adatoms and nanoclusters at mild cathodic potentials, which aggregate or dissolve at more negative potentials. This restructuring into low-coordinated Cu sites is accompanied by disordering of the interfacial water network. Nanocluster stability depends critically on CO partial pressure, while hydroxyls remain kinetically trapped on the roughened Cu surface. These findings underscore the importance of surface kinetics and interfacial microenvironments in atomic-scale surface restructuring, urging a reassessment of catalytic surface states under realistic conditions.

Here we evaluate the robustness and utility of quantum mechanical descriptors for machine learning with transition metal complexes. We utilize ab initio information from the quantum theory of atoms-in...

Understanding and designing active sites in single-atom catalysts (SACs) requires going beyond static models to capture their dynamic evolution under realistic electrochemical conditions. Here, we dev...

Nature Chemistry - Alkaline-earth phenoxides show promise as optical cycling centres; however, their properties when connected to larger structures is unclear. Now it has been shown that their...

Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson and Omar M. Yaghi win the prize for developing metal–organic frameworks