Abbey
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abbeyotto.bsky.social
Abbey
@abbeyotto.bsky.social
6 followers 8 following 17 posts
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abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Fried rice syndrome is food poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus, a spore-forming, gram-positive rod. Its spores can survive cooking, germinate, and produce emetic toxins that cause nausea and vomiting!
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www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
Bacillus cereus: A review of “fried rice syndrome” causative agents
“Fried rice syndrome” originated from the first exposure to a fried rice dish contaminated with Bacillus cereus. This review compiles available data o…
www.sciencedirect.com
June 26, 2025 at 7:55 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT The SMART trial (Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy) compared continuous ART therapy vs CD4+ cell count–guided episodic ART. Continuous ART showed reduced AIDS and non-AIDS related events and death!
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www.nejm.org/doi/full/10....
CD4+ Count–Guided Interruption of Antiretroviral Treatment | NEJM
Despite declines in morbidity and mortality with the use of combination antiretroviral therapy, its effectiveness is limited by adverse events, problems with adherence, and resistance of the human ...
www.nejm.org
June 25, 2025 at 5:40 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Enterobacter aerogenes was reclassified as Klebsiella aerogenes in 2017 after whole genome sequencing revealed that it's more closely related to Klebsiella pneumoniae than to other Enterobacter species!
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pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
Newly Named Klebsiella aerogenes (formerly Enterobacter aerogenes) Is Associated with Poor Clinical Outcomes Relative to Other Enterobacter Species in Patients with Bloodstream Infection
Enterobacter aerogenes was recently renamed Klebsiella aerogenes. This study aimed to identify differences in clinical characteristics, outcomes, and bacterial genetics among patients with K. aerogene...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
June 24, 2025 at 6:55 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT In HIV patients, early T cell rise (0–6 mo) links to opportunistic infections, while later naive T cell increase (8–32 mo) ties to autoimmunity like AITD. This can guide monitoring for infections/ autoimmunity!
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journals.lww.com/md-journal/F...
Characteristics of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease Occurring as... : Medicine
t the role of immune dysregulation in human organ-specific autoimmune disease. In the current study of the "late" manifestation of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) in a cohort of human immunodeficien...
journals.lww.com
June 23, 2025 at 6:55 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Catching up on Friday’s post! Fluoroquinolones have poor activity against MRSA due to resistance via DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Even if cultures show susceptibility, avoid using them for MRSA!
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www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
Quinolone derivatives and their activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most common pathogen both in hospital and community settings, and is capable of causing seri…
www.sciencedirect.com
June 22, 2025 at 8:24 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Hives and angioedema are the most common hypersensitivity reactions reported for aspirin + NSAIDs. Interestingly, these reactions are dose/ frequency related—at lower doses, someone may not exhibit these ADEs!
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www.uspharmacist.com/article/mana...
Management of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions
www.uspharmacist.com
June 18, 2025 at 6:24 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Back to MRSA nasal swabs! It's important to note that NPV depends on site of infection and how likely MRSA is to be a causative pathogen. Ex: NPV is around 98% for IAI, but drops to about 92% for wound infections
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31573026/
Determining the Utility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nares Screening in Antimicrobial Stewardship - PubMed
Given the high NPVs, MRSA nares screening may be a powerful stewardship tool for deescalation and avoidance of empirical anti-MRSA therapy.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
June 17, 2025 at 9:40 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Similar to how a positive MRSA nasal swab indicates colonization (not infection), a VRE rectal screen shows GI colonization rather than infection! VRE colonization can confer a higher infection risk.
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pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
Control of the Spread of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Hospitals: Epidemiology and Clinical Relevance
The spread of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), particularly E. faecium, in hospitals leads to many cases of colonization, but only sporadic infections. Detailed and valid risk assessment is nee...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
June 16, 2025 at 7:03 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis may sound alike, but they’re different! Cholelithiasis is stones in the gallbladder. Choledocholithiasis is when stones move into the common bile duct and cause blockages
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pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
Management of cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis: Endoscopic and surgical approaches
Gallstone disease and complications from gallstones are a common clinical problem. The clinical presentation ranges between being asymptomatic and recurrent attacks of biliary pain requiring elective ...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
June 13, 2025 at 2:41 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT hERG (human ether-à-go-go gene) causing long QT syndrome was first found in flies. Flies with the mutation twitched under ether like they were dancing, reminding Dr. Ganetzky of go-go clubs, hence the name!
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www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.4161/...
Role of hERG potassium channel assays in drug development
Numerous structurally and functionally unrelated drugs block the hERG potassium channel. HERG channels are involved in cardiac action potential repolarization, and reduced function of hERG lengthen...
www.tandfonline.com
June 12, 2025 at 10:52 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Antimicrobial stewardship programs promote appropriate antimicrobial use. With 7 core principles—leadership, accountability, expertise, action, tracking, reporting, education—they help prevent antimicrobial resistance!
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www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-u...
Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship for Health Departments
A framework for antibiotic stewardship implementation in health department settings.
www.cdc.gov
June 12, 2025 at 1:23 AM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT In patients on daptomycin, CPK levels should be measured at baseline then weekly during therapy. More frequent monitoring is warranted for those on statin therapy, with prior elevated CPK, or renal impairment.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470...
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Daptomycin
Daptomycin is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic derived from the organism Streptomyces roseosporus used to treat various bacterial infections caused by gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resi...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
June 10, 2025 at 11:51 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Symptoms (PTLDs) are often marked by fatigue, arthritis, pain, and myalgia. While persistent infection isn’t proven, it's vital to acknowledge and address these symptoms!
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
Treatment of post‐treatment Lyme disease symptoms—a systematic review
Background and purpose Residual symptoms after treatment of Lyme disease, sometimes called post-treatment Lyme disease symptoms (PTLDs), are a matter of ongoing controversy. To guide treatment recom...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com
June 9, 2025 at 9:53 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Although they may sound similar, POTS and Pott's disease are very different! POTS is a form of dysautonomia, whereas Pott's disease is a type of spinal tuberculosis that leads to vertebral osteomyelitis.
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31102727/
Spinal tuberculosis: a comprehensive review for the modern spine surgeon - PubMed
Nearly one-third of the human population is infected with tuberculosis. Of those with active disease, approximately 10% are impacted by skeletal tuberculosis. Though, traditionally a disease of the de...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
June 6, 2025 at 11:33 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Yersinia pestis, AKA the plague, spreads to humans via flea bites. Bacteria forms a biofilm plug in the flea’s proventriculus, causing it to choke when feeding and regurgitate infected biofilm into the bite.
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journals.plos.org/plospathogen...
A refined model of how Yersinia pestis produces a transmissible infection in its flea vector
Author summary Plague is a deadly flea-borne disease caused by the bacillus Yersinia pestis. This bacterium blocks the flea's foregut (proventriculus) to increase its likelihood of being regurgitated ...
journals.plos.org
June 5, 2025 at 6:38 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT When we think of tuberculosis, we typically think of pulmonary manifestations rather than extrapulmonary. While uncommon, today I learned that TB can cause osteomyelitis!
www.cureus.com/articles/165...
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Tuberculosis Osteomyelitis as an Indolent Bone Mass
Tuberculosis (TB) is a pulmonary disease with potential extrapulmonary manifestations that is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite advancements in treatment, TB remains a worldwi...
www.cureus.com
June 4, 2025 at 6:10 PM
abbeyotto.bsky.social
#OTILT Elizabethkingia, a gram-negative bacteria with high intrinsic resistance, is susceptible to vancomycin—one of the only gram-negatives where vanc works!
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June 4, 2025 at 12:11 AM