Paweł Tokarski
@tokarski.bsky.social
Currency and politics in the EU, #eurozone with a focus on France and Italy @ SWP Berlin.
PhD in economics, College of Europe (Natolin) Alumnus
Views expressed are my own
PhD in economics, College of Europe (Natolin) Alumnus
Views expressed are my own
Well over a year since #Draghi's EU competitiveness report, only 15% of the proposed measures are being implemented in a credible manner.
November 25, 2025 at 9:34 AM
Well over a year since #Draghi's EU competitiveness report, only 15% of the proposed measures are being implemented in a credible manner.
Ich freue mich, gemeinsam mit Hanns Günther Hilpert unsere neue Analyse zur Währungsmachtpolitik zu veröffentlichen:
Wie reagieren China und die EU auf die Dollar-Dominanz – und welche Rolle spielen digitale Zentralbankwährungen?
www.swp-berlin.org/publications...
Wie reagieren China und die EU auf die Dollar-Dominanz – und welche Rolle spielen digitale Zentralbankwährungen?
www.swp-berlin.org/publications...
November 24, 2025 at 9:07 PM
Ich freue mich, gemeinsam mit Hanns Günther Hilpert unsere neue Analyse zur Währungsmachtpolitik zu veröffentlichen:
Wie reagieren China und die EU auf die Dollar-Dominanz – und welche Rolle spielen digitale Zentralbankwährungen?
www.swp-berlin.org/publications...
Wie reagieren China und die EU auf die Dollar-Dominanz – und welche Rolle spielen digitale Zentralbankwährungen?
www.swp-berlin.org/publications...
France and Italy are at the bottom of the 2025 international tax competitiveness index.
Poland's position is noticeably low compared to other countries in the region, and its ranking has dropped significantly.
Poland's position is noticeably low compared to other countries in the region, and its ranking has dropped significantly.
November 12, 2025 at 8:33 AM
France and Italy are at the bottom of the 2025 international tax competitiveness index.
Poland's position is noticeably low compared to other countries in the region, and its ranking has dropped significantly.
Poland's position is noticeably low compared to other countries in the region, and its ranking has dropped significantly.
Eurozone countries are set to hit record borrowing numbers in 2026, with France at the top of the list.
www.lesechos.fr/finance-marc...
www.lesechos.fr/finance-marc...
November 10, 2025 at 9:54 AM
Eurozone countries are set to hit record borrowing numbers in 2026, with France at the top of the list.
www.lesechos.fr/finance-marc...
www.lesechos.fr/finance-marc...
Handelsblatt on Europe and Germany's missed opportunity to attract investors following Trump's tariffs. Too slow pace of structural reforms and low investment in AI.
www.handelsblatt.com/finanzen/ban...
www.handelsblatt.com/finanzen/ban...
November 6, 2025 at 8:54 AM
Handelsblatt on Europe and Germany's missed opportunity to attract investors following Trump's tariffs. Too slow pace of structural reforms and low investment in AI.
www.handelsblatt.com/finanzen/ban...
www.handelsblatt.com/finanzen/ban...
French economist Patrick Artus: budgetary adjustment in France must be dictated by the ECB, as it will not happen as a result of internal decisions in France.
November 5, 2025 at 5:17 PM
French economist Patrick Artus: budgetary adjustment in France must be dictated by the ECB, as it will not happen as a result of internal decisions in France.
French 10-year bonds around 3.5%, the market anticipating a credit rating downgrade today.
September 12, 2025 at 11:51 AM
French 10-year bonds around 3.5%, the market anticipating a credit rating downgrade today.
I think France's main problem is denying the reality by most of the people that the omnipresent state model, based on credit,in a situation of rising interest rates, is a path to nowhere.
September 9, 2025 at 9:17 AM
I think France's main problem is denying the reality by most of the people that the omnipresent state model, based on credit,in a situation of rising interest rates, is a path to nowhere.
In this article in one of the latest issues of Wirtschaftswoche, I shared some thoughts on the digital euro.
August 25, 2025 at 11:32 AM
In this article in one of the latest issues of Wirtschaftswoche, I shared some thoughts on the digital euro.
Yesterday, I also got stuck in a traffic jam at the Polish-German border due to German police checks. With such a huge number of vehicles crossing the border, I wonder how cost-effective such measures are.
August 25, 2025 at 11:16 AM
Yesterday, I also got stuck in a traffic jam at the Polish-German border due to German police checks. With such a huge number of vehicles crossing the border, I wonder how cost-effective such measures are.
I remember in secondary school in post communist Poland, our crazy IT teacher, started teaching us programming in Turbo Pascal. Although already outdated at the time, it was an eye-opening experience. A few of my classmates went on to become excellent engineers.
July 28, 2025 at 4:44 PM
I remember in secondary school in post communist Poland, our crazy IT teacher, started teaching us programming in Turbo Pascal. Although already outdated at the time, it was an eye-opening experience. A few of my classmates went on to become excellent engineers.
The global cryptocurrency market capitalisation reached 3.5 trillion USD at the beginning of 2025.
This exceeded the total value of physical cash in circulation of two largest currencies: dollar and euro.
This exceeded the total value of physical cash in circulation of two largest currencies: dollar and euro.
June 27, 2025 at 7:49 AM
The global cryptocurrency market capitalisation reached 3.5 trillion USD at the beginning of 2025.
This exceeded the total value of physical cash in circulation of two largest currencies: dollar and euro.
This exceeded the total value of physical cash in circulation of two largest currencies: dollar and euro.
Geoeconomics of money.
Fast payment systems (FPS), which can settle transactions within seconds, are highly regionally concentrated and there are few links between them.
This is also a field where the US lags far behind Europe.
Source: ECB
Fast payment systems (FPS), which can settle transactions within seconds, are highly regionally concentrated and there are few links between them.
This is also a field where the US lags far behind Europe.
Source: ECB
June 16, 2025 at 9:19 AM
Geoeconomics of money.
Fast payment systems (FPS), which can settle transactions within seconds, are highly regionally concentrated and there are few links between them.
This is also a field where the US lags far behind Europe.
Source: ECB
Fast payment systems (FPS), which can settle transactions within seconds, are highly regionally concentrated and there are few links between them.
This is also a field where the US lags far behind Europe.
Source: ECB
The ECB's annual report on the international role of the euro is out. The main conclusion: the euro remains stable in second place behind the dollar.
www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/ire/...
www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/ire/...
June 11, 2025 at 3:28 PM
The ECB's annual report on the international role of the euro is out. The main conclusion: the euro remains stable in second place behind the dollar.
www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/ire/...
www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/ire/...
In this piece written in 2013, we analysed Sweden's dilemmas regarding the euro and the 2003 referendum. In many respects, the debate in Sweden can be considered a model for other countries.
www.files.ethz.ch/isn/167713/B...
www.files.ethz.ch/isn/167713/B...
June 11, 2025 at 8:52 AM
In this piece written in 2013, we analysed Sweden's dilemmas regarding the euro and the 2003 referendum. In many respects, the debate in Sweden can be considered a model for other countries.
www.files.ethz.ch/isn/167713/B...
www.files.ethz.ch/isn/167713/B...
The pace at which Greece is reducing its debt-to-GDP ratio is impressive.
June 10, 2025 at 1:21 PM
The pace at which Greece is reducing its debt-to-GDP ratio is impressive.
Did Kaczynski rig the presidential election in Poland?
In this election commission, the liberal candidate Trzaskowski received fewer votes in the second than in the first. It is likely that the results of the candidates were swapped ‘by mistake’.
Polish Twitter is full of such cases.
In this election commission, the liberal candidate Trzaskowski received fewer votes in the second than in the first. It is likely that the results of the candidates were swapped ‘by mistake’.
Polish Twitter is full of such cases.
June 5, 2025 at 10:16 AM
Did Kaczynski rig the presidential election in Poland?
In this election commission, the liberal candidate Trzaskowski received fewer votes in the second than in the first. It is likely that the results of the candidates were swapped ‘by mistake’.
Polish Twitter is full of such cases.
In this election commission, the liberal candidate Trzaskowski received fewer votes in the second than in the first. It is likely that the results of the candidates were swapped ‘by mistake’.
Polish Twitter is full of such cases.
Support for the single currency is much stronger "inside" the eurozone than outside it. Bulgaria is no exception.
June 4, 2025 at 12:35 PM
Support for the single currency is much stronger "inside" the eurozone than outside it. Bulgaria is no exception.
Exit polls in Poland: too close to call.
A very difficult night ahead.
A very difficult night ahead.
June 1, 2025 at 7:04 PM
Exit polls in Poland: too close to call.
A very difficult night ahead.
A very difficult night ahead.
Not very positive news from Poland ahead of the 2nd round of elections on Sunday. The conservative-populist candidate is leading in one poll. Support for him has so far been underestimated in the polls.
May 30, 2025 at 10:49 AM
Not very positive news from Poland ahead of the 2nd round of elections on Sunday. The conservative-populist candidate is leading in one poll. Support for him has so far been underestimated in the polls.
Here we go again. Lies, baseless accusations, unsubstantiated figures.
The only politician Trump has not yet written anything negative about is Vladimir Putin.
The only politician Trump has not yet written anything negative about is Vladimir Putin.
May 23, 2025 at 12:17 PM
Here we go again. Lies, baseless accusations, unsubstantiated figures.
The only politician Trump has not yet written anything negative about is Vladimir Putin.
The only politician Trump has not yet written anything negative about is Vladimir Putin.
Polish presidential elections. The latest polls indicate a very close race between the two candidates. This may suggest a greater chance of victory for the far-right candidate, who has been underestimated in the polls.
6% are undecided.
6% are undecided.
May 23, 2025 at 8:05 AM
Polish presidential elections. The latest polls indicate a very close race between the two candidates. This may suggest a greater chance of victory for the far-right candidate, who has been underestimated in the polls.
6% are undecided.
6% are undecided.
After a three-week trip in southern Europe with my family,
I can truly appreciate what Europe is all about.
We visited 7 countries, didn't waste a single minute at any of the borders we crossed a dozen times, paid in EUR and didn't spend a single euro cent on roaming charges or bank fees.
I can truly appreciate what Europe is all about.
We visited 7 countries, didn't waste a single minute at any of the borders we crossed a dozen times, paid in EUR and didn't spend a single euro cent on roaming charges or bank fees.
May 5, 2025 at 9:09 AM
After a three-week trip in southern Europe with my family,
I can truly appreciate what Europe is all about.
We visited 7 countries, didn't waste a single minute at any of the borders we crossed a dozen times, paid in EUR and didn't spend a single euro cent on roaming charges or bank fees.
I can truly appreciate what Europe is all about.
We visited 7 countries, didn't waste a single minute at any of the borders we crossed a dozen times, paid in EUR and didn't spend a single euro cent on roaming charges or bank fees.
This is perhaps the most telling graph of the current crisis.
April 9, 2025 at 7:40 AM
This is perhaps the most telling graph of the current crisis.
Today is a big day for the Polish defence industry.
An agreement will be signed for the production of the
infantry fighting vehicle Borsuk (Badger), designed entirely in Poland, including the state-of-the-art ZSSW-30 unmanned turret.
The vehicle also has a German touch: a diesel engine from MTU.
An agreement will be signed for the production of the
infantry fighting vehicle Borsuk (Badger), designed entirely in Poland, including the state-of-the-art ZSSW-30 unmanned turret.
The vehicle also has a German touch: a diesel engine from MTU.
March 27, 2025 at 9:36 AM
Today is a big day for the Polish defence industry.
An agreement will be signed for the production of the
infantry fighting vehicle Borsuk (Badger), designed entirely in Poland, including the state-of-the-art ZSSW-30 unmanned turret.
The vehicle also has a German touch: a diesel engine from MTU.
An agreement will be signed for the production of the
infantry fighting vehicle Borsuk (Badger), designed entirely in Poland, including the state-of-the-art ZSSW-30 unmanned turret.
The vehicle also has a German touch: a diesel engine from MTU.