At what point could a company like Apple, or a movement like, idk, Swifties, offer the services that a government can and take a sort of market share of the global population?

The physical world is the bottleneck.

And speaking of crypto, if taxes are a sort of protection racket by the government, and alternative currencies including central bank currencies can buy me most of what I need in a digital society, including protection from the tyrant, why would I pay taxes to the tyrant?

And the tyrant might try to impose something like the medium of communication (English; distribution channels; currency denomination) for their own (corrupt) purposes, but controlling culture or indeed free markets feels impossible now. I’ll even give a nod to the crypto folks on this point.

I’m sure one could say that any sovereign uses government for their own objectives, but the other apparatuses described in that episode are more cultural or thresholdlike (the scientific method; math as a universal language, and I would even argue the free market)