Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 10 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00380-9The Basel Wearable Clinic is a device-agnostic platform for cardiac care, integrating remote electrocardiogram assessment and teleconsultation. Integrating wearables into clinical workflows allows scalable arrhythmia care and a blueprint for extended wearable-based risk stratification in clinical medicine.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 10 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00383-6As the International Space Station (ISS) approaches retirement and commercial low Earth orbit (LEO) platforms begin to emerge, the key question is not what was discovered but how those lessons can be carried forward into the next era of space research. Here we discuss how actionable insights from the ISS rodent research portfolio can be translated into human-relevant standards and practices.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 10 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00379-2Nature has spent billions of years evolving the most efficient and effective solutions to complex problems, from navigation and energy harvesting to visual processing and biodegradation. Bioinspired engineering draws on these strategies to design adaptive, efficient and sustainable technologies, particularly in fields such as robotics, materials science and medical device engineering.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 10 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00382-7Investigational research into class III active implantable devices requires rigorous design, safety and ethics. However, these barriers can be broken down and addressed by a systematic approach. An ongoing trial in paediatric epilepsy illustrates this methodology and the lessons we learned.

Vaccination and immune-regulation strategies are crucial for the prevention and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases. This Review discusses the design and optimization of nanomedicines for vaccines and immunotherapeutics for respiratory infectious diseases.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 07 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00385-4Cellular agriculture is emerging as a new approach to the production of food ingredients, offering an alternative to conventional agricultural practices. This Comment highlights critical sustainability considerations and examines the energy efficiency of biotechnologically produced cellular crops.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 07 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00385-4Cellular agriculture is emerging as a new approach to the production of food ingredients, offering an alternative to conventional agricultural practices. This Comment highlights critical sustainability considerations and examines the energy efficiency of biotechnologically produced cellular crops.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 05 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00374-7Nano-bio interfaces enable communication between synthetic materials and biological systems at the nanoscale, with their functionality shaped by material properties, surface chemistry and topography. This Review discusses the key considerations and methods for engineering nano-bio interfaces for bioelectrical signal detection and biochemical signal transduction.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 05 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00374-7Nano-bio interfaces enable communication between synthetic materials and biological systems at the nanoscale, with their functionality shaped by material properties, surface chemistry and topography. This Review discusses the key considerations and methods for engineering nano-bio interfaces for bioelectrical signal detection and biochemical signal transduction.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 03 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00371-wEarly cancer biology and detection research is limited owing to a lack of clinical samples from pre-malignant and early-stage tumours. This Review discusses engineered in vitro systems that mimic early disease stages to investigate tumour progression and identify biomarkers for early cancer detection.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 03 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00371-wEarly cancer biology and detection research is limited owing to a lack of clinical samples from pre-malignant and early-stage tumours. This Review discusses engineered in vitro systems that mimic early disease stages to investigate tumour progression and identify biomarkers for early cancer detection.

The implementation or insertion of medical devices into the body can lead to infections and inflammation, which are often challenging to treat because of the presence of microbial biofilms and antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. This Review outlines preclinical testing strategies for medical devices with antimicrobial properties to avoid and reduce medical-device-associated infections.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 30 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00369-4Bacteria can be engineered as biosensors for the detection and analysis of DNA in unpurified samples. This Review examines the engineering of bacterial DNA biosensors, highlighting performance metrics and applications in comparison with in vitro DNA biosensors.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 30 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00369-4Bacteria can be engineered as biosensors for the detection and analysis of DNA in unpurified samples. This Review examines the engineering of bacterial DNA biosensors, highlighting performance metrics and applications in comparison with in vitro DNA biosensors.

Rehabilitation after ischaemic stroke can promote only limited recovery for many patients with stroke. This Review discusses how the distinctly reparative environment of the subacute time window after stroke can inform the design of biology-driven biomaterial-based stroke therapies.

Renal function can be replaced by bioengineered kidney tissue. This Review discusses in vivo kidney engineering, xenotransplantation, blastocyst complementation and stem-cell-derived kidney tissue engineering as approaches for renal replacement therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell activities can be remotely controlled to provide spatiotemporal precision of CAR T cell activity and improve the safety of cellular immunotherapies. This Review discusses physical and chemogenetic stimuli and the combination of stimuli-responsive nanotechnologies with immuno-engineering to design controllable CAR T cell therapies.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 17 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00361-yFunctional nucleic acids (FNAs) achieve specific target recognition, molecular binding and catalytic activity by folding into defined secondary and tertiary structures. This Review focuses on two major classes of FNAs — aptamers and DNAzymes — and discusses their structural features, production strategies and engineering approaches as well as their clinical applications in diagnostics, targeted therapy and precision medicine.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 17 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00361-yFunctional nucleic acids (FNAs) achieve specific target recognition, molecular binding and catalytic activity by folding into defined secondary and tertiary structures. This Review focuses on two major classes of FNAs — aptamers and DNAzymes — and discusses their structural features, production strategies and engineering approaches as well as their clinical applications in diagnostics, targeted therapy and precision medicine.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 13 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00366-7Cells convert mechanical forces into biochemical signals through mechanotransduction, a process which can now be synthetically engineered. In this Review, we examine engineered artificial mechanotransduction mechanisms, from gene circuits responsive to mechanical cues to synthetic force-generating systems that reshape tissue behaviour and cellular function.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 13 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00366-7Cells convert mechanical forces into biochemical signals through mechanotransduction, a process which can now be synthetically engineered. In this Review, we examine engineered artificial mechanotransduction mechanisms, from gene circuits responsive to mechanical cues to synthetic force-generating systems that reshape tissue behaviour and cellular function.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 13 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00355-wThis Review discusses sex-related differences in brain disorders and surveys in vitro models, including 2D and 3D organ-on-a-chip technologies. It emphasizes the need to address sex-related differences in brain research, which remain under researched in 2025.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 13 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00366-7Cells convert mechanical forces into biochemical signals through mechanotransduction, a process which can now be synthetically engineered. In this Review, we examine engineered artificial mechanotransduction mechanisms, from gene circuits responsive to mechanical cues to synthetic force-generating systems that reshape tissue behaviour and cellular function.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 13 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00355-wThis Review discusses sex-related differences in brain disorders and surveys in vitro models, including 2D and 3D organ-on-a-chip technologies. It emphasizes the need to address sex-related differences in brain research, which remain under researched in 2025.