In this review, we discuss the development and maturation of inhibitory neurons and astrocytes and how early developmental activity in the brain might promote the interactions between these cell type...

The neuroimmune corollaries of systemic inflammation can generate anxiodepressive behaviors and psychomotor slowing. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a …

Les 16 et 17 octobre, plus de 300 personnes se sont réunies au Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM) pour le 26e congrès des étudiant(e)s, stagiaires et résident(e)s. Organisé par l’équipe des Affaires...

Scientific Reports - Persistent open chromatin state in early-life stress-activated cells of the VTA

Emotional experience evokes signalling in astrocytes, which form an ensemble that is reinforced by secondary astrocytic state changes resulting from repeated experience, leading to memory stabilizatio...

Stroke is a major cause of disability. Astrocytes respond to stroke in a gradated manner, but details of that response and its consequences for tissue…

Anthony Flamier, Ciaran Murphy-Royal et Éric Samarut figurent parmi les futurs chefs de file de la recherche canadienne sur le cerveau, soutenus par la Fondation Brain Canada.

Brain Canada is pleased to announce the latest cohort of Future Leaders in Canadian Brain Research (Future Leaders). This flagship program provides vital funding to early-career scientists whose bold ...

Background A dearth of laboratory tests to study actual human approach-avoidance behavior has complicated translational research on anxiety. The elevated plus-maze (EPM) is the gold standard to assess approach-avoidance behavior in rodents. Methods Here, we translated the EPM to humans using mixed reality through a combination of virtual and real-world elements. In two validation studies, we observed participants’ anxiety on a behavioral, physiological, and subjective level. Results Participants reported higher anxiety on open arms, avoided open arms, and showed an activation of endogenous stress systems. Participants’ with high anxiety exhibited higher avoidance. Moreover, open arm avoidance was moderately predicted by participants’ acrophobia and sensation seeking, with opposing influences. In a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled experiment, GABAergic stimulation decreased avoidance of open arms while alpha-2-adrenergic antagonism increased avoidance. Conclusion These findings demonstrate cross-species validity of open arm avoidance as a translational measure of anxiety. We thus introduce the first ecologically valid assay to track actual human approach-avoidance behavior under laboratory conditions.

Astrocytes are a brain cell type vulnerable to the effects of stress and the development of psychiatric-like phenotypes in animals, yet how this translates to humans is unclear. Here, we probed the di...