10/ These three layers of heterogeneity are inter-related and partially associated with specific genetic aberrations, thereby defining three stereotypic ecosystems in GBM. This work provides an unparalleled view of the multi-layered transcriptional architecture of GBM.

9/ Third, after controlling for the frequencies of cellular states, we find that the remaining variation between GBM samples highlights three baseline gene expression programs which we labeled Neuronal, Glial, and Extracellular Matrix.

8/ Second, we describe the diversity of cellular states and their pathway-based functional activities, with an expanded set of malignant cell states, including glial progenitor cell-like, neuronal-like, and cilia-like states that were previously depleted by tumor dissociation

7/ First, GBMs can be classified by their broad cellular composition, encompassing malignant, immune, vascular, neuronal, and glial cell types.