w/ landmark proofs-of-concept from the lit., we show how these bricks can come together and provide a framework. Imagine spanning more modalities (optical, mechanical, etc) to tackle hybrids that can sense their local environment, actuate, support themselves, and more.

Think about ‘reading’ & ‘writing’ to your bioelectronic or cell-based component. We have a whole library of modalities to communicate between these realms; plus established functionality from each realm. In essence, we build a toolbox of biohybrid bricks, or biohybricks.

In this work we consider the synergistic role of bioelectronics, engineered cells, (and biomaterials) in assembling first-in-class biohybrid devices that could be critical for rising applications in living therapies, sensors, and biohybrid robotics for example.