• Fewer owners control more outlets.
• Decisions can reflect elite interests that see stability—even authoritarian stability—as safer than upheaval. (6)
• Fewer owners control more outlets.
• Decisions can reflect elite interests that see stability—even authoritarian stability—as safer than upheaval. (6)
• Underfunded and vulnerable to political attacks.
• Less power to provide strong, independent warnings. (5)
• Underfunded and vulnerable to political attacks.
• Less power to provide strong, independent warnings. (5)
• The First Amendment protects press freedom—but doesn’t require truth-telling or public-interest coverage.
• Outlets can choose sensationalism, access journalism, or safe euphemisms without legal penalty. (4)
• The First Amendment protects press freedom—but doesn’t require truth-telling or public-interest coverage.
• Outlets can choose sensationalism, access journalism, or safe euphemisms without legal penalty. (4)
• U.S. media culture rewards “balance,” even when one side is authoritarian.
• The system teaches journalists to avoid strong truth-claims to seem “neutral.” (3)
• U.S. media culture rewards “balance,” even when one side is authoritarian.
• The system teaches journalists to avoid strong truth-claims to seem “neutral.” (3)
1. Corporate ownership & profit motive
• Media outlets are owned by giant corporations.
• Profit depends on access, ad revenue, and not alienating audiences.
• Calling out “dictatorship” risks losing access to powerful figures and advertisers. (2)
1. Corporate ownership & profit motive
• Media outlets are owned by giant corporations.
• Profit depends on access, ad revenue, and not alienating audiences.
• Calling out “dictatorship” risks losing access to powerful figures and advertisers. (2)
• Instead of clear warnings, media use vague, watered-down language.
• This keeps the public confused or complacent about the threat. (1)
• Instead of clear warnings, media use vague, watered-down language.
• This keeps the public confused or complacent about the threat. (1)
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