Georg Zachmann
@gzachmann.bsky.social
senior fellow - energy & climate policy -
@bruegel_org
Scientific Lead - GreenDealUkraїna -
@HZBde
@bruegel_org
Scientific Lead - GreenDealUkraїna -
@HZBde
Daniel Gros argues in Der Standard, that in the rare earth war between China and the US, the US has the upper hand.
www.derstandard.at/story/300000...
www.derstandard.at/story/300000...
Chinas Eigentor bei den seltenen Erden
Das Schreckgespenst eines Versorgungsengpasses verblasst rasch, denn die USA haben andere Möglichkeiten, einen etwaigen Mangel auszugleichen. Wenn, sollte sich Xi Jinping Sorgen machen
www.derstandard.at
November 12, 2025 at 8:09 AM
Daniel Gros argues in Der Standard, that in the rare earth war between China and the US, the US has the upper hand.
www.derstandard.at/story/300000...
www.derstandard.at/story/300000...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
Ukraine’s top anti-corruption authorities searched properties linked to government officials and a former business partner of President Zelenskyy as part of a sweeping investigation into alleged graft in the country’s energy sector.
w/ @fabricedeprez.bsky.social
www.ft.com/content/ac5c...
w/ @fabricedeprez.bsky.social
www.ft.com/content/ac5c...
Ukraine raids top officials as energy sector scandal unfolds
Anti-corruption search included properties linked to justice minister and Zelenskyy’s former business partner
www.ft.com
November 10, 2025 at 5:52 PM
Ukraine’s top anti-corruption authorities searched properties linked to government officials and a former business partner of President Zelenskyy as part of a sweeping investigation into alleged graft in the country’s energy sector.
w/ @fabricedeprez.bsky.social
www.ft.com/content/ac5c...
w/ @fabricedeprez.bsky.social
www.ft.com/content/ac5c...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
🚆See you in Brussels!
📅14 November 2025, 09:00-17:00 CET
As part of Bruegel’s 20th anniversary celebrations, we organise an event Friday on "Europe’s energy future: balancing climate goals and competitiveness", in collaboration with the National Bank of Belgium.
Register here: buff.ly/ZhpjMIG
📅14 November 2025, 09:00-17:00 CET
As part of Bruegel’s 20th anniversary celebrations, we organise an event Friday on "Europe’s energy future: balancing climate goals and competitiveness", in collaboration with the National Bank of Belgium.
Register here: buff.ly/ZhpjMIG
November 10, 2025 at 1:00 PM
🚆See you in Brussels!
📅14 November 2025, 09:00-17:00 CET
As part of Bruegel’s 20th anniversary celebrations, we organise an event Friday on "Europe’s energy future: balancing climate goals and competitiveness", in collaboration with the National Bank of Belgium.
Register here: buff.ly/ZhpjMIG
📅14 November 2025, 09:00-17:00 CET
As part of Bruegel’s 20th anniversary celebrations, we organise an event Friday on "Europe’s energy future: balancing climate goals and competitiveness", in collaboration with the National Bank of Belgium.
Register here: buff.ly/ZhpjMIG
Ex post, it seems not surprising traders were not as keen to fill EU gas storages this year (orange) as much as last year (blue). Gas gas prices are lower now, than anytime earlier this year.
November 9, 2025 at 12:01 PM
Ex post, it seems not surprising traders were not as keen to fill EU gas storages this year (orange) as much as last year (blue). Gas gas prices are lower now, than anytime earlier this year.
It would be fascinating to see a causal study showing whether ancient shipbuilding adapted its design (shorter timbers) and sourcing (more distant origins of high quality timbers) in response to the “Mediterranean wood crisis.” A great case to illustrate substitution effects in critical materials.
November 9, 2025 at 11:46 AM
It would be fascinating to see a causal study showing whether ancient shipbuilding adapted its design (shorter timbers) and sourcing (more distant origins of high quality timbers) in response to the “Mediterranean wood crisis.” A great case to illustrate substitution effects in critical materials.
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
Historically high imports of American (US) LNG imports landed in the EU during October 2025
🔢 dataset updated as always by @keliauskaite.bsky.social
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
🔢 dataset updated as always by @keliauskaite.bsky.social
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
November 6, 2025 at 9:20 AM
Historically high imports of American (US) LNG imports landed in the EU during October 2025
🔢 dataset updated as always by @keliauskaite.bsky.social
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
🔢 dataset updated as always by @keliauskaite.bsky.social
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
According to the Telegraph, the UK Treasury plans to introduce a special per-mile tax for electric vehicles from 2028.
While making EVs 'also' contribute to roads seems sensible, electricity is already taxed and gasoline taxes internalise climate, pollution, noise & imp_dependency externalities.
While making EVs 'also' contribute to roads seems sensible, electricity is already taxed and gasoline taxes internalise climate, pollution, noise & imp_dependency externalities.
Thursday's TELEGRAPH: Pay per mile tax to hit drivers in Budget #TomorrowsPapersToday
November 6, 2025 at 6:46 AM
According to the Telegraph, the UK Treasury plans to introduce a special per-mile tax for electric vehicles from 2028.
While making EVs 'also' contribute to roads seems sensible, electricity is already taxed and gasoline taxes internalise climate, pollution, noise & imp_dependency externalities.
While making EVs 'also' contribute to roads seems sensible, electricity is already taxed and gasoline taxes internalise climate, pollution, noise & imp_dependency externalities.
Integrating Ukraine into the EU electricity market is key for the development of the UA elec sector & also beneficial for the EU.
A lot of technical progress has been made - yet more regulatory progress needed.
In our new report we discuss crucial next steps:
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
A lot of technical progress has been made - yet more regulatory progress needed.
In our new report we discuss crucial next steps:
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
October 29, 2025 at 10:06 AM
Integrating Ukraine into the EU electricity market is key for the development of the UA elec sector & also beneficial for the EU.
A lot of technical progress has been made - yet more regulatory progress needed.
In our new report we discuss crucial next steps:
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
A lot of technical progress has been made - yet more regulatory progress needed.
In our new report we discuss crucial next steps:
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
Last year, the EU imported *€90 billion* in clean tech products.
This compares to exports of €83 billion, meaning the EU currently runs a modest net import position.
Data available with breakdowns per product category and trading partner 👇
european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/overview/trade
This compares to exports of €83 billion, meaning the EU currently runs a modest net import position.
Data available with breakdowns per product category and trading partner 👇
european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/overview/trade
October 28, 2025 at 1:58 PM
Last year, the EU imported *€90 billion* in clean tech products.
This compares to exports of €83 billion, meaning the EU currently runs a modest net import position.
Data available with breakdowns per product category and trading partner 👇
european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/overview/trade
This compares to exports of €83 billion, meaning the EU currently runs a modest net import position.
Data available with breakdowns per product category and trading partner 👇
european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/overview/trade
GDUkraine Figure: CBAM
- 2/3 of Ukraine’s total exports go to EU
- ~15% of those might fall under CBAM, thereof:
* Iron&steel dominate
* Fertilizer exports, once modest, have ceased entirely
* Alu & cement exports' share slightly up
* Electricity exports volatile
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
- 2/3 of Ukraine’s total exports go to EU
- ~15% of those might fall under CBAM, thereof:
* Iron&steel dominate
* Fertilizer exports, once modest, have ceased entirely
* Alu & cement exports' share slightly up
* Electricity exports volatile
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
October 28, 2025 at 1:21 PM
GDUkraine Figure: CBAM
- 2/3 of Ukraine’s total exports go to EU
- ~15% of those might fall under CBAM, thereof:
* Iron&steel dominate
* Fertilizer exports, once modest, have ceased entirely
* Alu & cement exports' share slightly up
* Electricity exports volatile
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
- 2/3 of Ukraine’s total exports go to EU
- ~15% of those might fall under CBAM, thereof:
* Iron&steel dominate
* Fertilizer exports, once modest, have ceased entirely
* Alu & cement exports' share slightly up
* Electricity exports volatile
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
We updated our assessment of the debt situation in the Ukrainian energy sector (now also partially cover heat and gas):
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
October 18, 2025 at 7:50 PM
We updated our assessment of the debt situation in the Ukrainian energy sector (now also partially cover heat and gas):
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
The introduction of Locational Price Signals in the European power market could lead to system savings of € 26-61 bn EACH YEAR by 2040.
New JRC study: publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/h...
New JRC study: publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/h...
October 16, 2025 at 11:50 AM
The introduction of Locational Price Signals in the European power market could lead to system savings of € 26-61 bn EACH YEAR by 2040.
New JRC study: publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/h...
New JRC study: publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/h...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
European Gas Market update Week 41 @bruegel.org:
-increasing record seasonal LNG imports levels
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
-increasing record seasonal LNG imports levels
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
October 15, 2025 at 8:17 AM
European Gas Market update Week 41 @bruegel.org:
-increasing record seasonal LNG imports levels
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
-increasing record seasonal LNG imports levels
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
PyPSA v1.0 is officially here - 10 years and 2 days since the first git commit. This milestone release brings major new features, completely new documentation, and a fresh landing page - congratulations to all the PyPSA team! 🎉
🔗 New Documentation: docs.pypsa.org
🔗 New Landing Page: pypsa.org
🔗 New Documentation: docs.pypsa.org
🔗 New Landing Page: pypsa.org
October 14, 2025 at 4:05 PM
PyPSA v1.0 is officially here - 10 years and 2 days since the first git commit. This milestone release brings major new features, completely new documentation, and a fresh landing page - congratulations to all the PyPSA team! 🎉
🔗 New Documentation: docs.pypsa.org
🔗 New Landing Page: pypsa.org
🔗 New Documentation: docs.pypsa.org
🔗 New Landing Page: pypsa.org
Ukraine’s gas system has experienced a series of major attacks over the past week. According to Bloomberg, 60% of gas production capacities were disabled.
If the situation with ~50% lower production continues in Oct-Dec25 (at last year's consumt&import), gas storage would be depleted by March 2026.
If the situation with ~50% lower production continues in Oct-Dec25 (at last year's consumt&import), gas storage would be depleted by March 2026.
October 14, 2025 at 2:24 PM
Ukraine’s gas system has experienced a series of major attacks over the past week. According to Bloomberg, 60% of gas production capacities were disabled.
If the situation with ~50% lower production continues in Oct-Dec25 (at last year's consumt&import), gas storage would be depleted by March 2026.
If the situation with ~50% lower production continues in Oct-Dec25 (at last year's consumt&import), gas storage would be depleted by March 2026.
Today in Kyiv: National University Kyiv Mohyla Academy and GreenDealUkraina jointly unveiling their plans to create a joint Energy and Climate Lab.
October 14, 2025 at 7:04 AM
Today in Kyiv: National University Kyiv Mohyla Academy and GreenDealUkraina jointly unveiling their plans to create a joint Energy and Climate Lab.
As LLMs "learnt " that in East-Germany statistics/assessments are often worse than in the West, they automatically assume this to be the case in other areas, amplifying negative stereotypes.
Case in point, many models claim that body temperature is lower in the East.
www.heise.de/news/Forschu...
Case in point, many models claim that body temperature is lower in the East.
www.heise.de/news/Forschu...
October 11, 2025 at 2:55 PM
As LLMs "learnt " that in East-Germany statistics/assessments are often worse than in the West, they automatically assume this to be the case in other areas, amplifying negative stereotypes.
Case in point, many models claim that body temperature is lower in the East.
www.heise.de/news/Forschu...
Case in point, many models claim that body temperature is lower in the East.
www.heise.de/news/Forschu...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
NEW: GLOBAL RENEWABLES OVERTAKES COAL
How the heck did that happen so quickly?!...🧵
How the heck did that happen so quickly?!...🧵
October 7, 2025 at 6:06 AM
NEW: GLOBAL RENEWABLES OVERTAKES COAL
How the heck did that happen so quickly?!...🧵
How the heck did that happen so quickly?!...🧵
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
Electricity prices are up 38% over the last five years, and are re-accelerating this year
A trade regime that tariffs the wires, transformers, batteries, & other capital goods necessary to meet growing electricity demand is just going to exacerbate our power cost problem
A trade regime that tariffs the wires, transformers, batteries, & other capital goods necessary to meet growing electricity demand is just going to exacerbate our power cost problem
October 6, 2025 at 9:34 PM
Electricity prices are up 38% over the last five years, and are re-accelerating this year
A trade regime that tariffs the wires, transformers, batteries, & other capital goods necessary to meet growing electricity demand is just going to exacerbate our power cost problem
A trade regime that tariffs the wires, transformers, batteries, & other capital goods necessary to meet growing electricity demand is just going to exacerbate our power cost problem
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
Italy has led in prime minister turnover for most of the past three decades. At the moment it’s tied with both on their 18th new PM since 1990 - but soon France is about to take the lead, the first time since 2000.
ChatGPT figure based on Wikipedia (let me know if you spot some hallucinations)
ChatGPT figure based on Wikipedia (let me know if you spot some hallucinations)
September 8, 2025 at 5:31 PM
Italy has led in prime minister turnover for most of the past three decades. At the moment it’s tied with both on their 18th new PM since 1990 - but soon France is about to take the lead, the first time since 2000.
ChatGPT figure based on Wikipedia (let me know if you spot some hallucinations)
ChatGPT figure based on Wikipedia (let me know if you spot some hallucinations)
NATO Resources Office has just allocated Zt60mn for planning and design of extending the Central Europe Pipeline System for fuels to Poland - the 300 km link should cost $5.5 billion acc. to Reuters:
www.reuters.com/business/ene...
I saw little discussion on this in Germany.
www.reuters.com/business/ene...
I saw little discussion on this in Germany.
October 3, 2025 at 10:19 AM
NATO Resources Office has just allocated Zt60mn for planning and design of extending the Central Europe Pipeline System for fuels to Poland - the 300 km link should cost $5.5 billion acc. to Reuters:
www.reuters.com/business/ene...
I saw little discussion on this in Germany.
www.reuters.com/business/ene...
I saw little discussion on this in Germany.
GDU Figure of the Week
After 2022 Ukraine often relied on electricity imports.
But this summer, Ukraine, once again became a structural exporter. And last month, Ukraine's exports even exceeded pre-invasion levels.
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
thx to R.Stubbe
After 2022 Ukraine often relied on electricity imports.
But this summer, Ukraine, once again became a structural exporter. And last month, Ukraine's exports even exceeded pre-invasion levels.
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
thx to R.Stubbe
October 2, 2025 at 4:11 PM
GDU Figure of the Week
After 2022 Ukraine often relied on electricity imports.
But this summer, Ukraine, once again became a structural exporter. And last month, Ukraine's exports even exceeded pre-invasion levels.
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
thx to R.Stubbe
After 2022 Ukraine often relied on electricity imports.
But this summer, Ukraine, once again became a structural exporter. And last month, Ukraine's exports even exceeded pre-invasion levels.
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
thx to R.Stubbe
EU annual coal imports are about 10x larger than the aggregate of the key critical raw materials tabled by Eurostat (on this nice page: ec.europa.eu/eurostat/sta...)
September 29, 2025 at 2:06 PM
EU annual coal imports are about 10x larger than the aggregate of the key critical raw materials tabled by Eurostat (on this nice page: ec.europa.eu/eurostat/sta...)
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
EU oil and oil product imports from Russia.
- Direct imports from Russia dropped drastically (now 2% of crude oil and oil products)
- Imports from TUR/IND/CHN represented 1.8% in 2021 and reached a peak of 4.4% in 2024, to fall to 3.5% in the first seven month of 2025.
...
- Direct imports from Russia dropped drastically (now 2% of crude oil and oil products)
- Imports from TUR/IND/CHN represented 1.8% in 2021 and reached a peak of 4.4% in 2024, to fall to 3.5% in the first seven month of 2025.
...
September 27, 2025 at 3:28 PM
EU oil and oil product imports from Russia.
- Direct imports from Russia dropped drastically (now 2% of crude oil and oil products)
- Imports from TUR/IND/CHN represented 1.8% in 2021 and reached a peak of 4.4% in 2024, to fall to 3.5% in the first seven month of 2025.
...
- Direct imports from Russia dropped drastically (now 2% of crude oil and oil products)
- Imports from TUR/IND/CHN represented 1.8% in 2021 and reached a peak of 4.4% in 2024, to fall to 3.5% in the first seven month of 2025.
...
EU oil and oil product imports from Russia.
- Direct imports from Russia dropped drastically (now 2% of crude oil and oil products)
- Imports from TUR/IND/CHN represented 1.8% in 2021 and reached a peak of 4.4% in 2024, to fall to 3.5% in the first seven month of 2025.
...
- Direct imports from Russia dropped drastically (now 2% of crude oil and oil products)
- Imports from TUR/IND/CHN represented 1.8% in 2021 and reached a peak of 4.4% in 2024, to fall to 3.5% in the first seven month of 2025.
...
September 27, 2025 at 3:28 PM
EU oil and oil product imports from Russia.
- Direct imports from Russia dropped drastically (now 2% of crude oil and oil products)
- Imports from TUR/IND/CHN represented 1.8% in 2021 and reached a peak of 4.4% in 2024, to fall to 3.5% in the first seven month of 2025.
...
- Direct imports from Russia dropped drastically (now 2% of crude oil and oil products)
- Imports from TUR/IND/CHN represented 1.8% in 2021 and reached a peak of 4.4% in 2024, to fall to 3.5% in the first seven month of 2025.
...