Congrats Danica 😀

Thank you, Marty!

Thank you! This work opened up a lot of questions, which we hope to answer in future studies

Thank you @maurogaya.bsky.social , looking forward to the meeting!

And I forgot to thank the collaborators, without whom the work would have not been possible.
@matsbemark.bsky.social for continued discussions and key scientific input.
#KaWeiTang for swabs #JohanHellgren and team for tonsils
Other lab members: #NimithaMathew , #LauraReusch and #KarinSchön above all

We show that the same structures are also present at steady state, after vaccination and also in humans.
Our work adds to recent studies that identified DALT, nasal immunity and ectopic GC in skin.

We thank the funders @vetenskapsradet.bsky.social , @kawresearch.bsky.social and @erc.europa.eu !

Interestingly, another old paper described M cells in mouse nasal turbinates.
By sequencing we showed that germinal centers in nasal tissue were essentially transcriptionally identical, but clonally distinct, to those in cervical lymph nodes and NALT. (5/N)

But we found some old studies describing nasal tissue immunity after influenza infection in absence of NALT and cervical lymph nodes. Indeed, we could confirm ectopic germinal centers in the nasal turbinates by microscopy. Cells express AID, we also found Tfh and FDCs. (4/N)

By flow cytometry, a lot of these cells looked like germinal center B cells and followed the same dynamics as those in secondary lymphoid organs (and were antigen specific).
We were confused because we had carefully removed the NALTs before running them. (3/N)