Unicellular eukaryotes, such as yeast, seem to have much simpler transcriptional regulation. Each gene has upstream activating sequences (UAS) that are within a few hundred bps. Regardless, I wonder if the yeast chromosomes have topological dynamics similar to metazoan eukaryotes.

Enhancers are weird. They get transcribed bidirectional into eRNAs. These eRNAs are short lived and unstable. How are they being transcribed? Do they have a cryptic TSS as well?

The minimal requirement for RNA Pol II binding and transcription is to have a core promoter. A core promoter has a TSS (Transcription Start Site) flanked by ~50 bp which bind RNA Pol II and some General TFs (GTFs).

So I've been thinking about this recently. Genes are transcribed into mRNAs and translated into proteins. Genes are transcribed by RNA Pol II which binds to a promoter sequence upstream of the gene to start transcription.

What really is a promoter?